Table of Content

22 August 2015, Volume 45 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue

JICHU YANJIU

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Synthesis and properties of amphoteric Gemini surfactant XIE Ying, LAI Lu 2015, 45 (8):  421-424.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.001 Abstract ( 264 )   PDF (865KB) ( 381 )   A kind of amphoteric Gemini surfactant was synthesized with diethylamine hydrochloride,epichlorohydrin,dodecyl dimethylamine and propanesultone as starting materials.The chemical structure of the synthesis product was characterized by IR and elemental analysis.The surface activity vs.concentration plot of the synthesis product was investigated by drop volume method,and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated based upon measurement of electrical conductivity of the synthesis product.Results showed that the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the synthesis product is 8×10-5 mol/L,and the surface tension at cmc minimizes to 38.57 mN/m.Moreover,with the increasing of temperature,the cmc of the synthesis product increases.The ΔHmθ of micellization process is negative,indicating that the process is an exothermic process.The ΔSmθ is positive,which suggests that the micellization process is an entropy-driven process. References | Related Articles | Metrics

KEJI JIANGZUO

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Performance and applications of surfactants (ⅩⅩ) Applications of surfactants in leather industry WU Li-li, ZHANG Li-dan, MA Shuai-shuai 2015, 45 (8):  425-428.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.002 Abstract ( 242 )   PDF (788KB) ( 680 )   Actions and functions as well as applicable types of surfactants in preparation step,tanning step and finishing step of leather making technological process were described.Application of surfactants influences the quality and performances of finished leather products to a large extent.Trend of development of applications of surfactants in leather industry was put forward.The specific leather auxiliaries for providing special performance of leather products,such as fluorinated surfactant and silicone surfactant,will be the important orientation for research and development work in this field in near future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

KAIFA YU YINGYONG

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Synthesis and surface activity of silicone based esterquat by response surface methodology ZHENG Cheng, HUANG Wu-huan, MAO Tao-yan, CHEN Peng, LIN Jing, YU Qi-ming 2015, 45 (8):  429-433.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.003 Abstract ( 217 )   PDF (1216KB) ( 332 )   A silicone based esterquat (Si-QAS) was prepared from γ-chloropropyl methyl dimethoxysilane and distearic ester of methyldiethanolamine as starting materials,which were prepared by the authors in the laboratory.The structure of the Si-QAS was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectrum and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum.Meanwhile,a mathematical model for relationship between the conversion rate of distearic ester of methyldiethanolamine and its affecting factors was established to optimize the synthesis process conditions for the Si-QAS.The optimized synthesis conditions are as follows:reaction time,20.89 min;microwave power,600 W;and solvent dosage,33.1%.Physical-chemical properties were investigated and the results showed that the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the Si-QAS is 2.36×10-4 mol/L and the corresponding γcmc is 24.25 mN/m.The standard free energy of formation for micellization and the standard adsorption free energy are -30.7 and -56.0 kJ/mol respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and properties of diallylmethylalkylammonium bromide TAO Xian-ping, ZHANG Yue-jun, XIA Sheng-li 2015, 45 (8):  434-438.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.004 Abstract ( 227 )   PDF (904KB) ( 350 )   Four kinds of diallylmethylalkyl (n=4,6,8,10) quaternary ammonium salt (refers to as C4,C6,C8 and C10) were synthesized by using diallylmethylamine (DAM) and 1-bromo alkane with separate chain length as raw materials.The chemical structure of the products was characterized by IR,1HNMR and elemental analysis.Meanwhile,their surface activity,water solubility and flocculation property were examined.Results showed that the recommended better process conditions are:acetone as the solvent;molar ratio of DAM to 1-bromo alkane,1∶1.1;reaction time,64~72 h at 50~60 ℃.The product yields achieve 86.16%,78.02%,75.46% and 68.10% respectively.With the increase of the alkyl chain length,their critical micelle concentration decreases as 3.2×10-2,2.1×10-2,1.7×10-2 and 9.0×10-3 mol/L respectively;as well as their corresponding surface tension decreases as 40.3,38.5,34.3 and 33.1 mN/m respectively.All of them show good water solubility,and their Krafft points are all less than 0 ℃.Their flocculation capacity to kaolin and diatomite are in the order of C10>C8>C6>C4. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and performance for sterilization of colon bacillus of reactive polymeric sterilants LU Gui-qian, ZHANG Li-ping, HUANG Liang, FU Ruo-wen 2015, 45 (8):  439-442.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.005 Abstract ( 245 )   PDF (780KB) ( 400 )   A series of reactive polymeric sterilants,Poly(DMAEMA-DB/AAm/MAn) were synthesized by copolymerizing dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate dodecyl ammonium bromide (DMAEMA-DB),acrylamide (AAm) and maleic anhydride (MAn) to introduce reactive maleic anhydride groups and long alkyl quaternary ammonium salt groups into macromolecules.Their structures were characterized by FTIR and 1HNMR.The cation density was determined by JIS method.The sterilizing activities of the various reactive polymeric sterilants were measured by viable cell counting method.The effects of the dosage of sterilant monomer in feed,the contact time and the mass concentration of the polymeric sterilant on sterilizing activity were investigated.Results showed that the Poly(DMAEMA-DB/AAm/Man) exhibit rather high sterilizing activity when the mole fraction of MAn is 15% in the feed and the mole fraction of DMAEMA-DB is 7%~20% in the feed;Poly(DMAEMA-DB/AAm/MAn) with mass concentration of 0.5 g/L exhibits good sterilizing activity when mass ratio of the monomers DMAEMA-DB/AAm/MAn in the feed is at 20/65/15. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on gloss evaluation of facial skin based on Retinex algorithm JIAO Zhi-xin, WANG Yu, WANG Xiao-yi, DONG Yin-mao, MENG Hong, ZHAO Hua 2015, 45 (8):  443-446.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.006 Abstract ( 272 )   PDF (3494KB) ( 359 )   Based on Retinex theory,an evaluation model for measuring gloss of people's facial skin was established.Via the simulation experiments on samples of 196 volunteers,a library of people's facial skin images was built,which was accessed by means of single scale Retinex algorithm to transform the readings of people facial skin images S(x,y) into reflectance images R(x,y).By this way,the mean and variance of pixels of R(x,y),which were processed in normalizing with the gloss reading given by gloss meter and the error analysis was conducted by use of relative square error method.The experimental results indicated that the evaluation on facial skin gloss by R(x,y) pixel mean method agrees with that measured by the gloss meter with an error ratio of less than 0.13.Therefore,the method can be deemed as a suitable,simple and effective way to evaluate people's facial skin gloss. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and properties of phenol imprinted polymers based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes GONG Chao, WANG Cui, LIU Wen-hui, CHENG Bin, FAN Ji-min, ZHAO Zhi-huan 2015, 45 (8):  447-451.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.007 Abstract ( 235 )   PDF (1274KB) ( 442 )   Phenol molecular imprinted polymer was synthesized with polyethylene glycol-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the substrate,phenol as a template molecule,α-methacrylic acid as functional monomer,ethylene glycol dimethacylate as cross-linking agent and azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator in acetonitrile solution.FTIR and SEM were used to characterize the synthesis product.Results showed that the molecular imprinting polymer has been grafted to the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes successfully.The adsorption performance of imprinted material were examined,and results showed that the imprinted material displays specific and selective adsorption performance;the maximum imprinting factor for the template is 3.64;the maximum selectivity is 2.78 and the adsorption capacity is 44.30 mg/g.The imprinted materials can be applied for the separation of trace amount of phenol. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prediction and rapid evaluation of long-term physical stability of emulsions GAN Liang, ZHANG Chen, ZHANG Ling, NIU Yu-lian, ZHANG Zhi-wei 2015, 45 (8):  452-456.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.008 Abstract ( 291 )   PDF (1444KB) ( 488 )   Two ways for assessment and prediction of long-term physical stability of emulsion cosmetics,centrifugation in combination with near infrared irradiation and cold-hot cycling,were conducted and compared.Results showed that the unstablization process of samples generated from separate formulation systems is different and the centrifugation method cannot accelerate all kinds of the unstablization process.The centrifugation in combination with near infrared irradiation method can rather accurately predict the stability of samples with similar formulation system and makes important sense in the raw material screening and selection period and the formulation development period as well as for the quality-control in production.However,for samples of completely different formulation system,the simple centrifugation in combination with near infrared irradiation method is not sufficient to predict and judge the stability of the product. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Studies on conditions for determination of cellulase activity and its adoption for determination in cellulase formulated detergent products YU Yue, ZHANG Jian, HE De-zhi 2015, 45 (8):  457-461.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.009 Abstract ( 275 )   PDF (858KB) ( 433 )   Determination of enzymatic activity of cellulase formulated with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was conducted.Effect of determination conditions including enzymatic reaction temperature,pH value,wavelength and absorbance on the analysis results were studied.Results showed that under conditions for determination of cellulase activity as temperature 50 ℃,pH value 6,wavelength 530 nm and absorbance 0.2~0.4,stable analysis results can be obtained.Further studying on the cellulase formulated in laundry liquid detergent and laundry powder showed that this method is suitable for measuring cellulase activity in laundry liquid detergent and laundry powder.However,the operating temperature and pH value should be strictly controlled. References | Related Articles | Metrics

ZHUANLUN YU ZONGSHU

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Status of research work field with respect to test methods for banned and restricted dyes in hair dyes CHEN Meng, ZHOU Ming-hao 2015, 45 (8):  462-467.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.010 Abstract ( 287 )   PDF (830KB) ( 556 )   The classification as well as action process and safety issues of oxidation type hair dyes were briefed.The regulations for supervision and administration of hair dyes executed in China and the European Union were compared.The main test methods,kinds of hair dye to be detected,as well as advantages and disadvantages of the test methods for the oxidation type hair dyes were emphatically described. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Applications of fluorescent brightener in detergent and cosmetics as well as progress in research work field for its detection technique GU Yu-xiang, ZHOU Ze-lin, WANG Ding-lin 2015, 45 (8):  468-473.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.011 Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (1000KB) ( 665 )   The classification,characteristics,representative varieties and applications of different types of fluorescent brightener were presented.The safety evaluation of fluorescent brightener at home and abroad was briefed.An overview of fluorescent whitening about actions and status of applications of fluorescent brighteners as well as progress in research work field for detection technique in detergents and cosmetics were reviewed.Finally,the outlook for development fluorescent brighteners was prospected. References | Related Articles | Metrics

FENXI YU JIANCE

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Analysis of alpha olefin sulfonate by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry DUAN Jian-jun, ZHU Yuan, TENG Wei-lin, LI Xiao-fang 2015, 45 (8):  474-476.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2015.08.012 Abstract ( 350 )   PDF (884KB) ( 337 )   An analysis method for determination of various components in anionic surfactant alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS) product (C14~18 olefin sulfonates,C14~18 hydroxyalkyl sulfonates and few disulfonate) adopting ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was established.The sample was dissolved in ultra purified water under assistance of ultrasonic irradiation and filtered with 0.22 μm micropore membrane.The filtrate was separated by Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS C18 column (150 mm×2.1 mm×1.7 μm),and further analyzed by quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization (ESI) negative ion mode.Analysis time is 16 min.The various components in the sample can be substantially completely separated.Via the analysis method,the content of the components with separate carbon chain length of the sample can be identified and examined. References | Related Articles | Metrics