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20 October 2018, Volume 48 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A comparative study on rinsability for four anionic surfactants GUO Ning,HU Xue-yi,LI Guang-lu,FANG Yun,SUN Yang,LI Hua-shan 2018, 48 (10):  545-550.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.001 Abstract ( 675 )   PDF (4334KB) ( 510 )   A comparative study on the rinsability of surfactants was performed among four anionic surfactants which are commonly used in household laundry detergents.A comprehensive evaluation method was applied which was based on the foam decay in the rinse liquor and the initial/residual adsorption amount on the cloth during the model rinse process.The relationship between the rinsability of surfactant and its calcium ion stability was further investigated.The experimental results show that the calcium ion stabilities of surfactants have positive correlations with the foaming abilities of the model rinse liquor but negative correlations with the initial/residual adsorption amounts of surfactants on cloths.Therefore,the modified carboxylate surfactant (sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate) with moderate calcium ion stability shows the best ability of easy rinsing,and the sulfonate surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) is a little worse than it,but neither of the soap (sodium laurate) and the anionic-nonionic hybrid sulfate (sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate) are easy-rinse surfactants,whose calcium ion stabilities are low and high,respectively.These results have theoretical significance for molecular design of easy-rinse anionic surfactants and practical value for research and development of water-saving detergents. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy evaluation of cosmetics (Ⅸ) Application of image analysis method in the evaluation of cosmetic efficacy LI Cheng-tong,ZHAO Hua,WANG Min 2018, 48 (10):  551-557.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.002 Abstract ( 525 )   PDF (6156KB) ( 480 )   The development of image analysis method was summarized.The application of the main image analysis instruments and techniques in the cosmetic efficacy evaluation of whitening,spot removing,soothing,anti-wrinkle,oil-control,anti-acne and delaying skin aging were introduced.And the new trend of image analysis-based evaluation methods progress was also proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of the spacer on the surface activity and foaming properties of betaine Gemini surfactants LAI Xiao-juan,LIU Pei,TIAN Wei,WANG Jie,HUI Yan-ni,JIA You-liang 2018, 48 (10):  558-563.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.003 Abstract ( 246 )   PDF (3816KB) ( 277 )   A series of betaine-type Gemini surfactants (Cs-BGS where C is the methylene of the spacer,s=2,4,6) were synthesized from sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate,oleamidopropyl dimethylamine and bromoalkane.The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR.Their critical micelle concentration (cmc)in the aqueous solution at 25 ℃ was determined by Wilhelmy and electrical conductivity methods.The results show that with the increasing length of the spacer,the values of cmc and equilibrium surface tension (γcmc)are increased.C2-BGS has exhibited the lowest cmc,nice efficiency in reducing surface tension (pc20),strong adsorption at the air-water interface,and relatively good foaming performance.In addition,the adsorption and micellization behaviors of Cs-BGS were estimated by pc20,minimum surface area per molecule (Amin),standard adsorption free energy (ΔG0ads)and standard micellization free energy (ΔG0mic).The results show that these properties of Cs-BGS are significantly influenced by the length of the spacer,and the ability to promote adsorption is stronger than to promote micellization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the catalytic performance of dodecyltriethoxysilane-modified H3PW12O40/MCM-41 in the dehydration of castor oil DING Jian-fei,YAN Cui-xia,XU Wei,SHAO Rong 2018, 48 (10):  564-570.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.004 Abstract ( 261 )   PDF (4630KB) ( 255 )   The H3PW12O40/MCM-41 catalyst was modified by dodecyltriethoxysilane (DTES).The effects of DTES-modification on the catalytic performance of the catalyst in the dehydration of castor oil were studied.The results show that the modification with DTES can significantly improve the dispersity of H3PW12O40 on MCM-41,because the steric hindrance is increased between adjacent H3PW12O40 moleculars.The improved dispersity of H3PW12O40 results in the increase of total acidity and the ratio of Brnsted/(Brnsted+Lewis) acids,and the weaking of the acid strength,which facilitates the conversion of castor oil,the selectivity to dehydrated castor oil,and the catalytic stability.Given the optimized loadings of H3PW12O40 (15%) and DTES (9%),the hydroxyl and iodine values thus obtained are 8.3 mg KOH/g and 149.3 g I2/100 g,respectively,after the reaction at 220 ℃ for 1.5 h. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and interfacial properties of novel symmetric amphiphilic silicon-containing polymers XUE Dan-dan,LI Yi-fei,ZHANG Jian,HAO Jun-sheng,HUANG Xin,ZHANG Yue 2018, 48 (10):  571-576.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.005 Abstract ( 263 )   PDF (4264KB) ( 247 )   A series of novel symmetric amphiphilic silicon-containing polymers (PEMA-b-Si- PEG-Si-b-PEMA) were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP),which was achieved by the polymerization of ethyl methacrylate (EMA) with dimethylchlorosilane-terminated allyl-substituted poly(ethylene glycol).The DPNMR was 0.74,1.67 and 3.07 as controlled by the reaction temperature.The interfacial activity and adsorption behavior of the polymers at chloroform-water interface were evaluated.The results show that the polymers can effectively reduce the chloroform-water interfacial tension,and the polymer with the shortest PEMA chain can reduce the chloroform-water interfacial tension from 32 mN/m to approximately 23 mN/m.The analysis of dynamic interfacial tension indicates that the adsorption at the initial stage is diffusion-controlled at lower concentrations of the polymer,and the shorter PEMA chain facilitates a faster diffusion rate.Equilibrium adsorption analysis reveals that the polymer exhibits various adsorption states as the interface coverage is increased,and the number of adsorption states and the range of partial molar area increase with the increase of PEMA chain length. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application research of rheological properties in emulsifying process conditions FAN Yue,CHEN Qiang,JIN Hao,FANG Bo,HE Quan-quan,ZHANG Hong 2018, 48 (10):  577-581.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.006 Abstract ( 365 )   PDF (3521KB) ( 289 )   In this work,the application of rheological properties in the production process of O/W-based emulsion cosmetics has been studied.The macroscopic rheological properties and micro-rheological properties of the emulsion system under different emulsifying time were tested to obtain the time required for the mass production to reach the emulsion endpoint.The results show that with the increase of emulsifying time,the investigated O/W system presents weaker thixotropy and viscoelasticity,lower elasticity index (EI) values,lower macroscopic viscosity index (MVI) values and higher solid-liquid balance (SLB) values.When the emulsifying time is more than 10 min,the rheological parameters of the system no longer change with the increase of time,indicating that the system reaches the emulsion endpoint.In the determination of the emulsion endpoint,the micro-rheological properties obtained by dynamic light scattering theory are consistent with the macroscopic rheological properties obtained by conventional mechanical methods.Moreover,the micro-rheometer possesses the advantages of fast testing speed,high accuracy,small sample amount and no damage to samples,which is expected to expand the application in the production process of O/W-based emulsion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on UV-screen polydopamine nanocapsules for sustained release of fragrance WANG Jiu-biao, CHU Hong 2018, 48 (10):  582-588.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.007 Abstract ( 294 )   PDF (6380KB) ( 262 )   Using the auto-oxidation and polymerization of dopamine (DA) in an alkaline solution,a polydopamine (PDA)layer was coated on the surface of the fragrance emulsion to prepare a PDA nanocapsules of fragrance.The coating property and sustained release effects of PDA on different fragrance were compared.It is found that benzyl alcohol,citronella,ethyl acetate and citronella acetate can be encapsulated inside the PDA nanocapsules,while phenyl acetaldehyde and citronellal can't be coated due to the Maillard reaction with dopamine monomer.The results of field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM)and dynamic laser light reflection (DLS)show that the fragrance nanocapsules are basically spherical and evenly distributed.The fragrance types have a great influence on the particle size,which can be changed from 88 nm (citronella acetate)to 556 nm (benzyl alcohol).The amount of fragrance encapsulated and the released behavior were investigated by both thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)and gas chromatography (GC).It is shown that the embedding rate of citronella is the highest,reaching 19.8%.After 50 days of storage at room temperature,the retention rate of the fragrance can be maintained above 69.39%,with good sustained release property.The PDA nanocapsules can provide further light screening for the photosensitizing or phototoxic fragrances owing to the ability of PDA to absorb ultraviolet and visible light. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on primary antioxidants in skin and their application in cosmetics XIONG Chen-yang,YI Fan,XUE Yan,ZHU Wen-yi,MENG Hong 2018, 48 (10):  589-594.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.008 Abstract ( 422 )   PDF (4609KB) ( 357 )   The primary antioxidant system of skin was introduced.The antioxidant activities of various antioxidants,including enzymes such as superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,glutathione reductase and aldosterone reductase,and non-enzymatic substances such as vitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin E,carotenoid,coenzyme Q10,glutathione,thioredoxin,metallothionein,ceruloplasmin and selenium were reviewed.The development status of antioxidative cosmetics was reviewed,and the prospect of cosmetic antioxidants were proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress and thought on the research of cosmetic genetic toxicity tests QIN Mei-rong,WANG Xiao-wei,WANG Ping 2018, 48 (10):  595-600.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.009 Abstract ( 327 )   PDF (5813KB) ( 275 )   This paper introduced the research progress of genotoxicity test methods and analyzed and compared the genotoxicity test standards of SCCS's Notes of Guidance,ICH Guidance,ISO International Standard and Safety and Technical Standard for Cosmetics (2015 edition).Suggestions on the test methods and test battery of cosmetic genotoxicity in China were put forward.It provides reference for genetic toxicity evaluation of cosmetic ingredients and related products. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the analytical method for determination of quaternary ammonium salt content in disinfector by eosin Y spectrophotometry LIANG Yong-kun,GUO Li-juan,WANG Bei-ming 2018, 48 (10):  601-604.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2018.10.010 Abstract ( 398 )   PDF (2417KB) ( 288 )   A uv-visible spectrophotometry method for the determination of quaternary ammonium salt in disinfector was established. The color reaction was carried out with water-soluble eosin Y and quaternary ammonium salt,and the absorbance at 545 nm was measured by uv-visible spectrophotometer. The results show that the linear range of quaternary ammonium disinfector is 0.5~5.0 mg/L,the linear correlation coefficient is above 0.999,the relative standard deviation of the method is less than 5%,and the recovery rate is between 97.0% and 107.5%. The method is fast and accurate,and is suitable for the determination of quaternary ammonium salt content in disinfector. References | Related Articles | Metrics