高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定化妆品中的6种砷形态

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.07.016

Abstract

Abstract:

To accurately assess the health risks of different arsenic species in cosmetics, a method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（HPLC-ICP-MS）for the simultaneous determination of six arsenic species: arsenocholine（AsC）, arsenobetaine（AsB）, arsenite[As（III）], dimethylarsinic acid（DMA）, monomethylarsonic acid（MMA）, and arsenate [As（V）]. The samples were extracted with an ultrasonic-assisted treatment at 80 ℃ by using a 1% nitric acid-1% ascorbic acid solution, followed by the purification with n-hexane for defatting. The analysis was then performed by anion-exchange chromatography with gradient elution, by employing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate（pH 8.5）as the mobile phase. The results showed that the six arsenic species were completely separated within 10 min. The standard curves were linear over the mass concentration range of 1-100 μg/L, with correlation coefficients（r ²）greater than 0.996. The limits of detection ranged from 0.9 to 1.6 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification ranged from 2.9 to 5.0 μg/kg. Recovery rates ranged from 86.2% to 102.1%, with precision（RSD）ranges of 1.8%-4.3%. Intra-day and inter-day stabilities were 1.5%-3.7% and 2.1%-4.3%, respectively. The proposed method exhibits good recovery rate, precision, stability, and accuracy, which is suitable for routine determination of six arsenic species in cosmetics. Moreover, it effectively addresses the current gap in the “Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics”（2015 Edition）regarding the arsenic speciation, and provides an essential technical support for the future refinement of cosmetic regulatory standards.

Key words: cosmetics, arsenic species, HPLC-ICP-MS, determination, method

CLC Number:

TQ658

Yarui Yang, Yongpan Li, Shengnan Ren, Lin Wang, Dandan Li, Lili Luo. Determination of six arsenic species in cosmetics by high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J].China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(7): 968-976.

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References 24

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Time/min	?（Mobile phase A）/ %	?（Mobile phase B）/ %	Flow rate/（mL/min）
0	100	0	1.0
4.0	100	0	1.0
4.1	0	100	1.0
7.0	0	100	1.0
7.1	100	0	1.0
10	100	0	1.0

Operating parameters	Set values	Operating parameters	Set values
radio-frequency coil power/W	1 550	auxiliary gas flow rate/（L/min）	0.8
detector voltage/V	-1 650/+825	coolant gas flow rate/（L/min）	14
nebulizer gas flow rate/（L/min）	1.064	acquisition time/s	600
collision gas flow rate（He）/（mL/min）	4.586	measurement mode	collision mode（KED）

Extraction solution	Recoveries/%
Extraction solution	AsC	AsB	As（Ⅲ）	DMA	MMA	As（Ⅴ）
1% nitric acid + 1% ascorbic acid	85.9-96.2	88.3-93.6	87.2-93.1	86.8-93.8	86.5-89.7	88.7-94.6
nitric acid-simulated gastric fluid	70.5-89.3	65.2-81.3	63.8-79.3	76.2-85.1	62.3-79.5	60.5-90.3
pure water	26.1-63.5	36.5-78.6	65.2-80.6	45.6-90.2	39.5-62.3	42.8-61.5

Extraction method	Recoveries/%
Extraction method	AsC	AsB	As（Ⅲ）	DMA	MMA	As（Ⅴ）
ultrasound with heating	87.2-93.5	88.2-93.1	87.4-92.3	86.9-95.3	86.4-92.8	89.2-97.3
shaking with heating	45.2-82.3	68.3-86.4	72.3-88.6	80.6-91.2	76.1-83.6	75.6-88.2
heating alone	61.2-81.2	62.1-85.7	75.1-84.3	71.2-85.1	59.3-76.4	66.5-85.1

Compound	Linear range/ （μg/L）	Linear equation	Correlation coefficient （r ²）	Limit of detection/ （μg/kg）	Limit of quantification/ （μg/kg）
AsC	1.0-100.0	Y = 6 204.153X+134.265	0.996	1.1	3.5
AsB	1.0-100.0	Y = 8 171.123X+315.128	0.997	1.3	4.1
As（Ⅲ）	1.0-100.0	Y = 7 171.643X+602.198	0.998	1.5	4.6
DMA	1.0-100.0	Y = 6 504.493X+394.281	0.996	1.3	4.1
MMA	1.0-100.0	Y = 5 312.698X+882.960	0.998	0.9	2.9
As（Ⅴ）	1.0-100.0	Y = 3 067.674X+1 318.615	0.999	1.6	5.0

Determination of six arsenic species in cosmetics by high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

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Compound	Facial essence			Toothpaste		Setting powder
Compound	Fortification level/（mg/kg）	Spike recoveries/ %	Precision/ %	Spike recoveries/ %	Precision/ %	Spike recoveries/ %	Precision/ %
AsC	0.2	86.2-98.6	2.9	86.8-97.8	3.6	90.3-99.5	2.7
	1.0	87.9-102.1	3.5	86.8-101.1	4.2	91.3-101.6	4.1
	2.0	87.1-96.8	2.8	86.9-99.3	3.6	86.9-96.8	2.7
AsB	0.2	86.8-97.2	3.6	90.2-98.6	1.8	87.3-97.6	3.5
	1.0	86.5-101.6	4.2	86.5-98.0	2.9	86.7-98.6	2.7
	2.0	87.5-98.9	3.8	87.6-97.8	3.2	90.2-99.5	3.5
As（Ⅲ）	0.2	87.9-99.2	2.6	88.5-96.2	2.8	89.6-101.3	4.2
	1.0	89.2-97.3	3.7	87.6-92.8	3.4	91.2-99.7	3.8
	2.0	86.3-98.3	4.1	86.9-98.4	1.9	89.3-98.7	1.9
DMA	0.2	87.2-98.1	2.9	90.3-99.3	2.8	91.2-102.1	3.2
	1.0	88.1-96.5	3.5	92.6-101.3	3.4	86.9-98.5	2.8
	2.0	89.2-95.6	4.2	86.9-99.8	2.6	88.7-99.1	3.5
MMA	0.2	86.8-93.6	2.8	88.5-97.6	3.4	88.6-97.6	4.2
	1.0	87.2-97.3	3.6	89.6-98.3	2.7	89.1-96.8	3.8
	2.0	86.2-98.1	4.3	90.3-99.1	2.3	90.3-99.1	2.8
As（Ⅴ）	0.2	88.9-97.2	1.9	87.6-95.6	3.4	86.7-101.2	3.5
	1.0	86.7-101.3	2.5	88.9-96.7	2.9	89.4-99.6	1.8
	2.0	88.3-98.6	3.5	87.6-99.5	3.5	91.5-100.5	2.9

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