电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）测定化妆品中8种重金属含量

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.09.016

Abstract

Abstract:

An analytical method based on inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry （ICP-OES） was established for the determination of eight heavy metal elements （Hg, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, Bi, and Ti） in cosmetics. Cosmetic samples were digested by the microwave digestion method, with the digestion solution consisting of 8 mL nitric acid and 4 mL hydrogen peroxide. The results show that the eight heavy metal elements exhibit a good linear relationship in the linear range of 0.02-2.0 μg/mL. The limits of detection are in the range of 0.50-2.03 μg/L, with the correlation coefficients in the range of 0.999 4-0.999 8, and the RSD less than 5%. The average spiked recoveries of Hg, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, Bi, and Ti are 95.83%, 99.78%, 95.81%, 102.98%, 96.89%, 99.97%, 96.65%, and 103.99%, respectively. In 20 cosmetic samples, the content ranges of the eight heavy metals are as follows: Hg （0.03-0.75 mg/kg）, Pb （3.14-39.56 mg/kg）, Cr （2.45-15.57 mg/kg）, Ni （0-3.07 mg/kg）, Cd （0.58-4.20 mg/kg）, As （0.13-4.91 mg/kg）, Bi （15.69-30.86 mg/kg）, and Ti （4.85-40.40 mg/kg）. The ICP-OES method established in this study for the determination of eight heavy metals in cosmetics has good precision and accuracy, and can be applied to the detection of multiple heavy metal elements in cosmetics as well as cosmetic quality control.

Key words: ICP-OES, cosmetics, heavy metal, detection, quality control

CLC Number:

TQ658

Jiayao Dai, Huai Tao, Zuowei Xiao, Yimiao Zhou. Determination of 8 heavy metals in cosmetics by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry[J].China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2025, 55(9): 1215-1220.

Figures/Tables 4

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Tab. 3

Tab. 4

References 15

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元素	线性方程	线性范围/（μg/mL）	r	检测限/（μg/L）
Hg	y=30 805.85x+1 722.04	0.02~2.0	0.999 4	0.89
Pb	y=12 156.93x-8 303.32	0.02~2.0	0.999 7	0.65
Cr	y=41 785.47x+7 213.71	0.02~2.0	0.999 4	1.18
Ni	y=35 615.87x-2 924.04	0.02~2.0	0.999 8	0.74
Cd	y=33 825.45x-6 052.52	0.02~2.0	0.999 5	2.03
As	y=37 529.26x+2 980.16	0.02~2.0	0.999 4	1.14
Bi	y=38 761.17x-1 874.90	0.02~2.0	0.999 6	0.50
Ti	y=29 736.61x-8 969.58	0.02~2.0	0.999 6	1.22

ρ（测试液）/（μg/mL）	编号	各元素含量/（μg/mL）
ρ（测试液）/（μg/mL）	编号	Hg	Pb	Cr	Ni	Cd	As	Bi	Ti
0.02	1	0.020 4	0.020 4	0.021 0	0.020 5	0.020 3	0.020 6	0.020 2	0.019 9
	2	0.020 4	0.019 3	0.020 1	0.019 5	0.020 2	0.020 5	0.020 7	0.020 7
	3	0.020 1	0.019 1	0.019 1	0.020 5	0.019 3	0.019 9	0.020 2	0.020 4
	4	0.019 8	0.020 4	0.020 7	0.019 7	0.020 3	0.020 4	0.019 5	0.019 7
	5	0.020 0	0.019 5	0.019 9	0.020 8	0.019 6	0.020 0	0.020 5	0.019 3
	6	0.019 7	0.020 5	0.019 1	0.020 4	0.020 4	0.021 1	0.019 8	0.020 6
	RSD/%	1.44	3.03	3.93	2.53	2.23	2.07	2.18	2.81
0.16	1	0.152 2	0.158 6	0.153 0	0.174 8	0.158 5	0.157 1	0.156 6	0.162 5
	2	0.156 1	0.150 7	0.162 4	0.163 5	0.164 4	0.162 7	0.161 4	0.169 3
	3	0.159 6	0.159 3	0.159 2	0.174 8	0.159 6	0.160 4	0.159 2	0.165 3
	4	0.162 3	0.163 6	0.155 9	0.165 2	0.155 9	0.146 1	0.165 5	0.152 0
	5	0.171 8	0.154 1	0.157 9	0.165 7	0.165 4	0.159 3	0.163 8	0.157 9
	6	0.161 7	0.164 7	0.154 7	0.158 8	0.164 8	0.161 9	0.167 4	0.158 1
	RSD/%	4.14	3.40	2.16	3.84	2.45	3.87	2.49	3.82
1.20	1	1.161 4	1.259 1	1.143 2	1.163 3	1.264 8	1.213 9	1.154 5	1.266 3
	2	1.163 3	1.228 9	1.179 0	1.285 9	1.199 0	1.278 2	1.136 8	1.168 2
	3	1.191 6	1.171 7	1.187 9	1.174 2	1.210 3	1.226 1	1.226 3	1.183 7
	4	1.234 3	1.234 8	1.170 1	1.194 9	1.217 3	1.254 8	1.223 1	1.142 7
	5	1.185 0	1.154 8	1.209 1	1.300 5	1.286 3	1.236 5	1.105 7	1.207 5
	6	1.200 0	1.232 9	1.195 6	1.188 6	1.220 0	1.227 5	1.156 7	1.153 5
	RSD/%	2.26	3.36	1.93	4.89	2.80	1.88	4.12	3.80

元素	加入量/（μg/mL）	实测量/（μg/mL）	加样回收率/%	RSD/%	平均回收率/%	RSD/%
Hg	0.02	0.019 7	98.50	2.50	95.83	2.26
	0.16	0.144 7	90.44	4.79
	1.20	1.182 7	98.56	3.82
Pb	0.02	0.020 3	101.50	5.30	99.78	2.95
	0.16	0.147 0	91.88	1.75
	1.20	1.271 5	105.96	0.69
Cr	0.02	0.020 2	101.00	3.10	95.81	3.23
	0.16	0.141 9	88.69	2.12
	1.20	1.173 0	97.75	2.12
Ni	0.02	0.020 1	100.50	1.32	102.98	2.47
	0.16	0.161 5	100.94	2.86
	1.20	1.290 1	107.51	1.94
Cd	0.02	0.021 3	106.50	2.52	96.89	2.79
	0.16	0.151 5	94.69	2.06
	1.20	1.073 7	89.48	3.10
As	0.02	0.020 1	100.50	3.53	99.97	2.38
	0.16	0.160 2	100.13	2.91
	1.20	1.191 4	99.28	2.15
Bi	0.02	0.019 7	98.50	2.12	96.65	3.20
	0.16	0.145 0	90.63	2.13
	1.20	1.209 7	100.81	2.10
Ti	0.02	0.019 6	98.00	2.74	103.99	1.02
	0.16	0.166 1	103.81	2.75
	1.20	1.321 8	110.15	3.69

样品编号	各元素含量/（mg/kg）
样品编号	Hg	Pb	Cr	Ni	Cd	As	Bi	Ti
1	0.67	13.87	3.88	—	—	—	17.16	40.40
2	—	—	6.19	—	2.41	—	—	—
3	0.75	—	—	—	—	3.56	—	17.42
4	—	14.86	—	—	—	—	—	—
5	0.63	—	3.44	—	—	—	—	—
6	—	18.94	3.47	—	2.75	—	15.69	4.85
7	0.72	23.87	4.67	3.07	—	3.04	—	—
8	—	10.88	—	—	4.20	—	—	—
9	0.07	—	11.23	—	—	2.92	—	—
10	—	4.22	—	—	3.27	—	—	—
11	0.68	3.14	—	—	—	—	—	23.72
12	—	—	—	—	—	1.68	—	—
13	0.03	39.56	2.96	—	2.01	0.13	—	—
14	—	—	7.17	—	—	—	21.68	—
15	0.09	25.88	—	—	2.30	—	—	—
16	0.69	—	2.45	—	—	—	—	—
17	0.57	37.36	—	—	1.62	4.91	—	—
18	0.67	22.20	15.57	—	—	—	30.86	—
19	—	—	—	—	4.08	1.37	—	18.65
20	0.46	27.82	5.39	—	0.58	—	—	—

Determination of 8 heavy metals in cosmetics by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry

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