4种脂肽类生物表面活性剂的性能及其影响因素研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

实验室培养石油耐生菌并分离出4种阴离子脂肽类生物表面活性剂A8、A10-EA、A10-MeOH和B3。采用铂金板法和液滴形状分析法分别测定其平衡表面张力和动态界面张力,并研究生物表面活性剂的乳化性能及其对芘污染土壤的淋洗作用。结果表明：A8、A10-EA、A10-MeOH和B3的临界胶束浓度（cmc）分别为1.014,5.417,0.717和0.689 g/L。 4种生物表面活性剂在25~70 ℃温度范围内均表现出良好的表面活性,且具有很强的耐单价及二价盐性能。A8表面活性剂对水和正癸烷的乳化效果最佳,48 h后乳化系数保持在65%;在研究浓度范围内,界面张力均可低于10 mN/m。临界胶束浓度下的A8和A10-MeOH溶液对土壤中芘具有良好的淋洗效果。

关键词: 脂肽类生物表面活性剂, 界面性能, 乳化, 淋洗

Abstract:

Four biosurfactants （A8, A10-EA, A10-MeOH and B3） were extracted from petroleum bacteria cultured in laboratory. They were all identified as anionic lipopeptide biosurfactants. The curves of equilibrium surface tension and dynamic interfacial tension of A8, A10-EA, A10-MeOH and B3 were determined employing the platinum plate and droplet shape analysis methods, respectively. The emulsifying performance of biosurfactants and their leaching performance on pyrene-polluted soil were studied. The experimental results showed that the critical micelle concentrations （cmc’s） of A8, A10-EA, A10-MeOH and B3 were 1.014 g/L, 5.417 g/L, 0.717 g/L and 0.689 g/L, respectively. Four biosurfactants showed good surface activity in the temperature range of 25~70 ℃. In addition, they had good resistance to monovalent and bivalent salts. The results showed that A8 had the best emulsifying performance for formation of emulsion composed of water and n-decane with the emulsifying coefficient of 65% after 48 h. The interfacial tension could be reduced to lower than 10 mN/m within the studied concentration range. The aqueous solutions of A8 and A10-MeOH at their cmc’s had good leaching effect on pyrene in soil.

Key words: lipopeptide biosurfactant, interface performance, emulsification, leaching

中图分类号:

TQ423.1

符军伟,吴娟,梅平. 4种脂肽类生物表面活性剂的性能及其影响因素研究[J]. 日用化学工业, 2021, 51(4): 281-287.

FU Jun-wei,WU Juan,MEI Ping. Performance and influencing factors of four kinds of lipopeptide biosurfactants[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2021, 51(4): 281-287.

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