LCO高效催化裂化制取高价值BTX芳烃研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.04.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着国内柴汽比逐年降低、环保法规及车用柴油质量标准日益严苛，其中国Ⅵ柴油的质量标准要求多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量不得超过7%，催化裂化柴油（LCO）由于芳烃含量高导致其有效利用成为炼化企业的关键问题。而经济和社会的快速发展推动苯、甲苯和二甲苯（BTX）需求逐年上升，BTX等低碳芳烃作为重要的化工原料供不应求。因此，加氢裂化技术（HYC）成为化解柴油产能过剩、拓宽轻质芳烃等高附加值产品来源的重要途径。本文针对国内外的LCO制取轻质芳烃的工艺技术、LCO制取轻质芳烃的原理、催化剂的研究现状以及催化剂传质扩散对加氢裂化的影响4个方面进行了介绍，同时提出结合催化剂及其分子筛孔道中的扩散性能研究将有助于催化剂的优化设计，实现LCO高效加氢裂化制BTX。

关键词: 催化裂化轻柴油（LCO）, BTX芳烃, 催化剂, 选择性, 分子扩散

Abstract:

The shifting landscape of China’s fuel market, characterized by a declining diesel-to-gasoline ratio and the rigorous enforcement of China VI diesel standards, has intensified the challenge of optimizing light cycle oil （LCO） utilization. The trend of diesel overcapacity coincides with a growing supply-demand imbalance in key petrochemical building blocks, namely benzene, toluene, and xylene （BTX）. In this context, hydrocracking （HYC） is increasingly recognized as a pivotal upgrading technology to address both issues simultaneously: alleviating the diesel surplus while selectively producing high-value BTX aromatics. This review provides a systematic analysis of contemporary technologies for the catalytic transformation of LCO into BTX. We delve into the fundamental reaction mechanisms, including hydrogenation, ring-opening, and dealkylation, which govern the selectivity towards light aromatics. A particular focus is placed on recent advancements in bifunctional catalyst design, in which the delicate balance between metal function and zeolite acidity is critical for directing the reaction pathway. Furthermore, we critically analyze the often-overlooked aspect of mass transfer and diffusion limitations within catalyst particles and zeolite micropores. A profound understanding of molecular diffusion is paramount for the rational design of next-generation catalysts, ultimately enabling the highly efficient and selective conversion of low-value LCO into premium BTX products via hydrocracking.

Key words: light cycle oil （LCO）, BTX aromatics, catalyst, product selectivity, molecular diffusion

中图分类号:

TE621

于佳欢, 宋艳新, 陈光. LCO高效催化裂化制取高价值BTX芳烃研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(4): 518-528.

Jiahuan Yu, Yanxin Song, Guang Chen. Research progress on the efficient catalytic cracking of LCO to produce high-value BTX aromatics[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(4): 518-528.

图/表 8

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