基于（类）离子液体的镍基催化剂研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2023.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

离子液体和低共熔溶剂（（类）离子液体）独特的结构使其具有蒸气压低等特殊的物理化学性质，是公认的绿色、环保溶剂。近年来，利用（类）离子液体制备结构新颖、性能优异的镍基催化剂在电解水领域受到普遍关注。（类）离子液体在制备镍基催化剂过程中可作为介质、模板甚至反应物，不但能够获得性能优异的催化剂，而且可以简化反应体系、减少排放，实现原子经济。结合课题组的工作，按照镍基催化剂的种类，详细综述了镍基水裂解催化剂在（类）离子液体中的研究进展，并分析了该领域未来可能的发展方向。

关键词: 镍基催化剂, 离子液体, 低共熔溶剂, （类）离子液体, 电催化水裂解, 电催化析氢, 电催化析氧

Abstract:

Owing to their special compositions and structures, ionic liquids （ILs） and deep eutectic solvents （DESs）, which are collectively referred to as （quasi） ionic liquids, have unique physical and chemical properties, such as low melting point and vapor pressure. For decades, the use of （quasi） ionic liquids to prepare catalysts with novel structure and excellent performance has attracted wide attention in the field of water electrolysis. Nickel-based electrocatalysts, as a kind of excellent catalysts for water electrolysis, have been extensively studied in （quasi） ionic liquids. In this review, the research progress of nickel-based catalysts in （quasi） ionic liquids is reviewed according to their types. （1） IL or DES-mediated nickel and nickel-based alloy. Due to the good conductivity of （quasi） ionic liquids and the ability to change the order of metal activity, the （quasi） ionic liquids can be used as media to prepare nickel metal catalysts by electrodeposition methods or galvanic replacement reactions. Furthermore, nickel salts can be designed as a component of （quasi） ionic liquids to obtain binary or ternary alloys with other metal salts. （2） IL or DES-mediated nickel （hydro）oxide. The special liquid structures of （quasi） ionic liquids can regulate the growth process of （hydro）oxide, thereby optimizing the structures and properties of catalysts. （3） IL or DES-mediated nickel-based sulfide. （Quasi） ionic liquids can not only be used as media but also be rationally designed as S sources by designing the compositions. （4） IL or DES-mediated nickel-based phosphides. ILs as media and templates can overcome the shortcomings of conventional solvents. Novel structure and pure phase can be obtained. Meanwhile, the anion and cation of ILs can be rationally designed as phosphorus sources to obtain catalyst with excellent catalytic performance. （5） IL or DES-mediated nickel-based nitride. Conventional imidazolium-type IL cations contain nitrogen, while anions can also involve nitrogen. Therefore, the use of ILs to prepare nickel-based nitrides or nitrogen-doped nickel-based catalysts has attracted much attention. In summary, combining with the work of our research group, as described in this review, （quasi） ionic liquids can be used as media, templates, and reactants for preparation of nickel-based catalysts, by which not only excellent performance will be obtained, but also the reaction system is simplified, thus to reduce emissions and realize atomic economy. Finally, the possible future development direction of this field is proposed.

Key words: nickel-based catalyst, ionic liquid, deep eutectic solvent, （quasi） ionic liquid, electrocatalytic water splitting, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction

中图分类号:

O643.36

张晨韵, 张国新, 沈璟虹, 金建交, 许铭星, 辛炳炜. 基于（类）离子液体的镍基催化剂研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(3): 316-324.

Zhang Chenyun, Zhang Guoxin, Shen Jinghong, Jin Jianjiao, Xu Mingxing, Xin Bingwei. Research progress of nickel-based catalysts mediated by （quasi） ionic liquids[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(3): 316-324.

图/表 4

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