轻质原油采出液低温破乳剂优选及作用机理

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2023.07.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低渗透油田原油属轻质原油，针对低渗透油田采出轻质原油乳状液破乳难度大，低温（<60 ℃）条件下常规破乳剂破乳效果不佳的问题，根据某油田现场采出液制备模拟乳状液，并分别采用瓶试法、稳定性分析仪研究不同类型破乳剂的破乳效果以及乳状液的微观动力学变化特性，优选出较佳低温破乳剂配方；应用界面流变仪等探讨油水界面黏弹性、油水界面张力、破乳剂在油水界面的动态吸附规律，揭示低温破乳剂的作用机理；最后，分析模拟现场采出乳状液破乳状态，从乳状液脱水率、挂壁程度及破乳剂质量浓度等多个角度综合评价了不同类型破乳剂的低温破乳效果。为低渗透油田采出液低温破乳工艺技术的研发提供了理论及现场应用基础。

关键词: 轻质原油, 采出液, 低温破乳剂, 破乳机理

Abstract:

The produced fluid with light crude oil from low-permeability oil field has a big problem in demulsification. Conventional demulsifiers have poor demulsification effect at low temperature （<60 ℃）. In this work, the simulated emulsion was prepared according to the produced fluid of an oil field. The demulsification effect of different types of demulsifiers and the microdynamic characteristics of the emulsion were studied by bottle test and stability analyzer, and the best formula of low-temperature demulsifier was selected; the viscoelasticity and interfacial tension of oil-water interface, and the dynamic adsorption law of the demulsifier at oil-water interface were studied by using an interfacial rheometer, and the action mechanism of low-temperature demulsifier was revealed. Finally, the demulsification effects of different types of demulsifiers at low temperature were analyzed from the perspectives of emulsion dehydration rate, adhesion degree and demulsifier mass concentration. It might provide a theoretical and field-application basis for the research and development of low-temperature demulsification technology for the produced fluid from low-permeability oilfield.

Key words: light crude oil, produced fluid, low-temperature demulsifier, demulsification mechanism

中图分类号:

TE348

田淑杰, 高伟. 轻质原油采出液低温破乳剂优选及作用机理[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(7): 773-780.

Tian Shujie, Gao Wei. Optimization and mechanisms of low-temperature demulsifier for produced fluid with light crude oil[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(7): 773-780.

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油样	w （饱和分） / %	w （芳香分） / %	w （胶质） / %	w （沥青质） / %
1	74.14	16.50	4.19	5.17
2	75.05	16.55	3.86	4.54

等级	挂壁		水相		界面		ρ（破乳剂）/（mg/L）
等级	程度	赋分	清洁度	赋分	整齐度	赋分	数值	赋分
1	无	1	清	1	齐	1	100	1
2	少量	0.5	稍清	0.5	稍齐	0.5	150	0.5
3	中等	0	稍浊	0	稍不齐	0	200	0

实验号	破乳剂	ρ （破乳剂） / （mg/L）	脱水率赋分	挂壁赋分	水相赋分	界面赋分
1	PR929	100	6.96	1	1	1
2	PR929	150	8.51	0.5	1	1
3	PR929	200	5.80	0.5	1	1
4	PRC06	100	6.98	0.5	0.5	1
5	PRC06	150	7.79	0.5	1	1
6	PRC06	200	9.25	0	1	1
7	AR902	100	7.94	0.5	1	1
8	AR902	150	8.45	0.5	1	1
9	AR902	200	7.02	0.5	1	1