新型拟双子表面活性剂构筑的蠕虫状胶束及其pH和温度响应行为

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2023.12.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将短链二元酸（丁二酸（SA）、戊二酸（GA）、己二酸（AA））和长链N-（3-（二甲基氨基）丙基）硬脂酰胺（C18N3N）以1:2的摩尔比混合，通过静电相互作用，构筑了三种新型的拟双子表面活性剂。该过程无需复杂的合成。通过表面张力仪和流变仪测试了该系列表面活性剂的表面活性和流变性能。结果发现，2C18N3N/GA拟双子表面活性剂的cmc为4.60×10^-5 mol/L，该值远低于传统双子表面活性剂，说明构筑的拟双子表面活性剂2C18N3N/GA具有很强的胶束聚集能力，2C18N3N/SA和2C18N3N/AA体系也具有类似的特征。在浓度超过50 mmol/L时，该系列表面活性剂可形成蠕虫状胶束，溶液表现出黏弹行为，且黏弹溶液具有较好的耐温耐剪切性能。还考查了上述黏弹溶液的pH和温度响应性，发现体系pH为6.1时，溶液黏度很高，pH为4.0或9.3时，黏度下降。随着温度的升高，体系的黏度也会迅速增加。在60 ℃时，该体系的零剪切黏度可高达11 967.73 Pa·s。该表面活性剂制备简单，性能优良，拓展了新型表面活性剂的制备方法和应用范围。

关键词: 双子表面活性剂, 蠕虫状胶束, 黏弹性, pH响应, 温度响应

Abstract:

Three pseudo-gemini surfactants （2C18N3N/XA, XA=SA, GA and AA） were formed by non-covalently connecting dibasic acid（HOOC （CH₂） _nCOOH, n=2, 3 and 4, abbreviated as SA, GA and AA, respectively） with long-chain tertiary amine （C₁₇H₃₅CONHCH₂CH₂CH₂N （CH₃） ₂） in the molar ratio of 1:2 through electrostatic interactions. The whole process had avoided any complicated synthetic procedures. The surface activity and rheological properties of the surfactants were investigated. The critical micelle concentration （cmc） of 2C18N3N/GA was 4.60×10^-5 mmol/L, which was significantly lower than that of conventional gemini surfactants, indicative of strong aggregation ability. 2C18N3N/SA and 2C18N3N/AA also had low cmc values. These surfactants could form wormlike micelles when the concentrations were above 50 mmol/L, exhibiting viscoelastic behavior, and the viscoelastic solutions thereof had good temperature and shear resistance. Due to the tertiary amine group in the pseudo-gemini surfactant, it exhibited pH-responsive properties. It was found that when the pH was 6.1, the viscosity of the solution was very high, whereas when the pH was 4.0 or 9.3, the viscosity rapidly decreased. Furthermore, the pseudo-gemini surfactant was also responsive to temperature. With the increase of temperature, the viscosity of the system rapidly increased. At 60 ℃, the zero-shear viscosity of 2C18N3N/GA at 300 mmol/L could be as high as 11 967.73 Pa·s. These surfactants were simple to be prepared and showed excellent performance, which expanded the range of preparation and application of novel surfactants.

Key words: gemini surfactant, wormlike micelle, viscoelasticity, pH-responsive, temperature-responsive

中图分类号:

TQ423

潘婷, 吴俊辉, 裴晓梅, 崔正刚. 新型拟双子表面活性剂构筑的蠕虫状胶束及其pH和温度响应行为[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(12): 1361-1368.

Ting Pan, Junhui Wu, Xiaomei Pei, Zhenggang Cui. Temperature and pH responsive behavior of wormlike micelles formed by novel pseudo-gemini surfactant[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(12): 1361-1368.

图/表 11

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δ
	a-H	b-H		C23, 24-3H	C21-2H	C20-2H
GA	2.34	1.78	C18N3N	2.24	2.38	1.64
C18N3N/GA=2	2.10	1.72	C18N3N/GA=2	2.78	3.05	1.86