反应型季铵盐表面活性剂的合成与应用研究进展

doi:10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2014.03.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 系统综述了反应型季铵盐表面活性剂的合成路线和方法,并按照其不同的分子结构特点进行了分类比较,着重介绍了几种含有特定功能基团的反应型季铵盐表面活性剂(双键型、环氧型、羟基型以及酰胺型)的合成方法,并阐述了其作为缓蚀防垢剂、增溶增敏剂、可聚合乳化剂、粘土稳定剂、纸张柔软剂以及相转移催化剂等在工业上的应用。最后分析了反应型季铵盐表面活性剂目前存在的不足并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词: 阳离子表面活性剂, 反应型季铵盐, 合成, 应用

Abstract: Methods for synthesis of reactive quaternary ammonium salt surfactants were systematically summarized.According to the features of molecular structure,various types of reactive quaternary ammonium salt surfactant were classified and compared.Methods for synthesis of several types of reactive quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants with specific functional groups (double bond,epoxy,hydroxy and amide) were introduced.Industrial applications of the surfactants,such as corrosion inhibiting and anti-scaling agent,solubilizing and sensitizing agent,co-polymerizable emulsifier,clay stabilizer,sheet softener as well as phase transfer catalyst were expounded.Currently existing deficiencies of the reactive quaternary ammonium salt surfactants and the development trend was prospected.

Key words: cationic surfactant, reactive quaternary ammonium salt, synthesis, adhibition

中图分类号:

TQ423.12

黄颖虹, 郑成, 林璟, 毛桃嫣, 徐运欢, 陈瑞兰. 反应型季铵盐表面活性剂的合成与应用研究进展[J]. 日用化学工业, 2014, 44(3): 155-162.

HUANG Ying-hong, ZHENG Cheng, LIN Jing, MAO Tao-yan, XU Yun-huan, CHEN Rui-lan. Progress in research work on synthesis and application of reactive quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2014, 44(3): 155-162.

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