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2021年, 第51卷, 第5期　刊出日期：2021-05-22 上一期    下一期

基础研究

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磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成及其对碳钢的缓蚀性能 Study on the synthesis of a sulfonate surfactant and its corrosion inhibition performance for carbon steel 朱海林,李晓芬,陆小猛,黄浩宇,王自翔,胡志勇 2021 (5):  375-382.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.001 摘要 ( 293 )   HTML ( 114 )   PDF(1954KB) ( 351 )   以三聚氯氰、正辛胺、2-巯基苯并噻唑（MBT）和氨基乙磺酸为原料,合成了一种磺酸盐表面活性剂（COMT）,并采用ESI-MS、1H NMR、FT-IR对其结构进行了表征。通过表面张力法研究了COMT在3.5% NaCl溶液中的表面活性,通过电化学测试和表面形貌分析研究了其在3.5% NaCl溶液中对45#碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明：在3.5% NaCl溶液中,与MBT相比,COMT对碳钢具有更好的缓蚀性能,当缓蚀剂浓度为4 mmol/L时,COMT对碳钢的缓蚀率可达84.65%,而同等条件下MBT对碳钢的缓蚀率仅为40.63%。量子化学计算和分子动力学模拟结果表明：COMT结构中疏水链、亲水基以及三嗪环的引入增强了其在碳钢表面的吸附能力,这与实验结果具有良好的一致性。 A sulfonate surfactant （COMT） was synthesized from cyanuric chloride, n-octylamine, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole （MBT） and aminoethyl sulfonic acid. Its structure was characterized by ESI-MS,1H NMR and FT-IR. The surface-active properties of COMT in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated by surface tension method and its corrosion inhibition performance for 45# carbon steel in 3.5% NaCl solution was analyzed by electrochemical test and surface morphology analysis. It was found that, compared with MBT, COMT revealed higher inhibition efficiency in 3.5% NaCl solution. The corrosion inhibition efficiency could achieve 84.65% with 4 mmol/L COMT but merely 40.63% for MBT under the same condition. The results of quantum chemical calculation and molecular dynamics simulation showed that, the incorporation of hydrophobic chain, hydrophilic group and triazine ring in the structure of COMT enhanced its adsorption ability on carbon steel surface, which was in good agreement with the experimental results. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

科技讲座

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化妆品植物原料（Ⅲ）——在保湿化妆品中的研究与开发 Botanical cosmetic ingredient （III） Research and development of natural moisturizers in cosmetics 张雨彤,宋阳,吴华,金建明 2021 (5):  383-389.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.002 摘要 ( 1063 )   HTML ( 77 )   PDF(1074KB) ( 940 )   皮肤保湿是护肤的基础。人体自身的天然保湿屏障角质层和真皮层对皮肤保湿和储水发挥了重要的作用。通过外源性保湿方法也可以达到皮肤保湿的效果。许多植物提取物对皮肤有明显的水合和保湿作用。文章简单介绍了皮肤表皮和真皮的保湿机理以及保湿方法,主要介绍化妆品中植物提取物的天然保湿成分,主要为植物多糖、油、三萜皂苷、甾体皂苷、黄酮和多酚。植物提取物的保湿机制根据其成分结构有所不同：植物提取物中的水溶性保湿成分主要通过羟基或酚羟基的氢键作用吸收和保持水分,它们对水的不同结合能力从而影响皮肤的水合能力;而植物油的脂肪酸成分在皮肤上形成一层薄膜保持水分,防止皮肤干燥。除了保湿作用,许多植物提取物还具有抗氧化和抗炎等功效,在化妆品中具有很好的应用前景。本文通过对植物提取物的天然保湿成分的详细阐述,以期为植物原料更好地应用到保湿化妆品中提供借鉴。 Moisturizing is essential for skin care and important to reduce the chances of skin problems. The stratum corneum and dermis, the natural skin moisture barrier, play an important role in hydration and water storage. In addition, moisturizer is used for moisturizing and protecting the skin. Many plant extracts have obvious hydrating and moisturizing effects on skin. This paper briefly introduced the skin moisturizing mechanism and skin moisturizing methods, mainly reviewing the natural moisturizing ingredients of plant extracts in cosmetics, including plant polysaccharides, oil, saponins, flavonoids and polyphenols. The moisturizing mechanism of plant extracts is different according to their composition and structure. Hydrophilic constituents of plant extracts mainly attract and hold water through hydrogen bonding with their hydroxyl groups or phenolic hydroxyl groups, and they can differ in water binding capacity as in their ability to influence the degree of skin hydration; And fatty acids of plant oils will form a thin layer of oil on the skin to prevent water evaporation and keep the skin moisturized. Besides the application as moisturizing ingredients, many plant extracts also show antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities which have great potential application in cosmetics. Here we review the moisturizing ingredients of plant extracts in detail, in order to provide ideas for the application of plant extracts as natural moisturizers in cosmetics. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

开发与应用

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EGCG柔性脂质体的制备及其透皮性能研究 Study on the preparation and transdermal performance of EGCG flexible liposome 陈凤凤,曹振大,梁蓉 2021 (5):  390-395.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.003 摘要 ( 415 )   HTML ( 23 )   PDF(1440KB) ( 864 )   采用边缘活化剂修饰EGCG脂质体,以粒径、包封率和产率为指标,考察边缘活化剂种类和添加量对EGCG柔性脂质体的影响。结果表明,以Tween 80为边缘活化剂,添加量为50%（占卵磷脂质量比）时,粒径、包封率、产率较优,分别为（77.8±1.40） nm、85.18%±1.22%、96.77%±1.47%。进一步通过皮肤渗透实验证明,EGCG柔性脂质体拥有比脂质体更好的透皮效果,24 h透皮含量为21.13 μg/cm2,明显高于EGCG脂质体,此结果与荧光显微镜观察的结果一致。最终储藏稳定性实验表明,相比EGCG脂质体,EGCG柔性脂质体稳定性更佳,4 ℃避光保存60 d保留率高达88.24%。 EGCG flexible liposomes were prepared by modifying the EGCG liposomes with edge activators. The effects of the type and dosage of edge activators on the particle size, encapsulation rate and yield of EGCG flexible liposomes were investigated. The results showed that when Tween 80 was used as the edge activator and the dosage was 50% （the mass ratio to lecithin）, the particle size, encapsulation rate and yield were better, which were （77.8±1.40） nm, 85.18%±1.22% and 96.77%±1.47%, respectively. The transdermal experiment showed that the EGCG flexible liposomes exhibited better transdermal effect than the liposomes. The transdermal content of EGCG flexible liposomes was 21.13 μg/cm2 after 24 h, which was significantly higher than EGCG liposomes. It was consistent with the results of fluorescence labeling experiment. Storage stability experiments showed that, compared with EGCG liposomes, the EGCG flexible liposomes were more stable, and the retention rate was up to 88.24% after being stored in the dark at 4 ℃ for 60 days. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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常用表面活性剂对唾液链球菌与食窦魏斯氏口腔益生菌的影响 Effects of commonly used surfactants on Streptococcus salivarius and Weissella oral probiotics 王雁雯,王亚静,赵鑫,高迪,叶相印,黄赞扬,王晓宇,王宇 2021 (5):  396-401.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.004 摘要 ( 335 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF(1666KB) ( 609 )   以PEG-40氢化蓖麻油（RH-40）、PEG-60氢化蓖麻油（RH-60）、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱（CAB-35）、月桂酰肌氨酸钠（LS-97）、椰油酰甘氨酸钠（AK-301）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS） 6种口腔护理产品常用表面活性剂为研究对象,以食窦魏斯氏菌和唾液链球菌为实验益生菌菌株,探究不同质量浓度表面活性剂对口腔益生菌生长的影响。改良牛津杯法结果表明,益生菌对质量浓度10 g/L的6种表面活性剂均敏感;微量肉汤稀释法测定结果显示,不同质量浓度的不同表面活性剂对口腔益生菌的影响不同。质量浓度≤0.078 g/L的RH-60,质量浓度≤0.156 g/L的RH-40对益生菌的生长具有促进作用;0.156~0.625 g/L的RH-60,0.02 g/L的CAB-35,质量浓度≤0.039 g/L的LS-97、AK-301对益生菌的生长无显著影响;而质量浓度≥0.313 g/L的SDS、LS-97、AK-301,质量浓度≥1.25 g/L的CAB-35则完全抑制益生菌的生长。质量浓度>0.156 g/L的RH-60、RH-40比相同质量浓度其余表面活性剂对益生菌的抑制作用弱。低质量浓度的AK-301、CAB-35、LS-97,各质量浓度RH-60、RH-40可优先考虑应用于口腔清洁护理产品中。 The effects of different mass concentrations of surfactants on the growth of oral probiotics were studied. Six surfactants commonly used in oral care products, i.e. PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil （RH-40） , PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil （RH-60） , cocamidopropyl betaine （CAB-35） , sodium lauroyl sarcosinate （LS-97） ,sodium cocoyl glycinate （AK-301） and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） , were used; Weissella cibaria and Streptococcus salivarius were used as experimental probiotic strains. The results of modified Oxford cup method showed that probiotics were all sensitive to the six surfactants with a mass concentration of 10 g/L; the results of broth micro-dilution method showed that different mass concentrations of different surfactants had different effects on oral probiotics. RH-60 with a mass concentration ≤0.078 g/L and RH-40 with a mass concentration ≤0.156 g/L could promote the growth of probiotics; RH-60 with a mass concentration of 0.156-0.625 g/L, CAB-35 with a mass concentration of 0.02 g/L, and LS-97 and AK-301 with mass concentrations ≤0.039 g/L had no significant effect on the growth of probiotics; SDS, LS-97 and AK-301 with mass concentrations ≥0.313 g/L and CAB-35 with a mass concentration ≥1.25 g/L completely inhibited the growth of probiotics. The inhibitory effects of RH-60 and RH-40 with mass concentrations >0.156 g/L on probiotics were weaker than other surfactants at the same mass concentration. Low mass concentrations of AK-301, CAB-35 and LS-97, and each mass concentration of RH-60 and RH-40, could be given priority to be used in oral care products. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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不同烷基链长Janus g-C3N4的乳化性能及光催化应用 Emulsification performance and photocatalytic application of Janus g-C3N4 with different alkyl chain length 郭晓萍,张昊,高娜,张瑞琴,梁栋,张巧玲 2021 (5):  402-407.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.005 摘要 ( 277 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF(1481KB) ( 531 )   在石蜡-水乳液界面,使用不同烷基链长的溴代烃对纳米石墨相氮化碳（g-C3N4）单侧接枝改性得到了一系列Janus g-C3N4,用XRD、UV-vis、FT-IR、SEM等进行表征,荧光显微镜、接触角测试其乳化性能,苯甲醇光催化氧化为探针反应考察其催化性能。结果表明：用C4、C8、C12和C16改性的Janus g-C3N4中,以C12接枝的Janus催化剂（JCN-12）乳化性能最好、接触角相对较大（75°）且光催化性能最好,在苯甲醇/水（1 mL/1.5 mL）与20 mg催化剂的高浓度乳液中苯甲醇转化率为68%（选择性>99%）,反应中超氧自由基（·O-2）起主要作用,其次为·OH和空穴（h+）。该催化剂易分离回收、使用5次性能稳定,亦可拓至其他苄醇氧化。 At the interface of paraffin-water emulsion, a series of Janus g-C3N4 were prepared via the one-side modification of nano graphite carbon nitride （g-C3N4） using different bromoalkanes. The products were characterized by XRD, UV-vis, FT-IR and SEM. Their emulsification properties were studied by fluorescence microscopy and contact angle test. The photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol was used as a probe reaction to investigate the catalytic performance. The results showed that, in the case of the alkyl chain lengths of bromoalkanes being C4, C8, C12 and C16, the Janus catalyst grafted with C12 （JCN-12） behaved best in emulsification, contact angle （75°） and photocatalytic performance. In a concentrated emulsion of benzyl alcohol/water （1 mL/1.5 mL）, the conversion of benzyl alcohol reached to 68% （selectivity>99%） with the addition of 20 mg catalyst. It was believed that superoxide radicals （·O-2） played a major role in the reaction, being followed by ·OH and hole h+. The Janus catalyst could be applied to the oxidation of other substituted benzyl alcohols. The catalyst was easily separated and recovered, showing stable performance after 5 times of recycles. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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结晶型氨基酸洁面膏稳定性的条件和机理——多元醇的作用 Conditions and mechanism for stability of crystalline N-cocoyl glycinate-based facial cleansing cream: Effects of polyols 汤小芹,陈明华 2021 (5):  408-412.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.006 摘要 ( 1886 )   HTML ( 43 )   PDF(1220KB) ( 888 )   研究了4种多元醇（甘油、丁二醇、聚乙二醇400和二丙二醇）对以椰油酰基甘氨酸钾为主表的结晶型洁面膏稳定性的影响及机理。小角度衍射SAXS数据显示,椰油酰基甘氨酸/钾在纯水中可形成层状液晶结构,甘油的加入可使层状液晶结构的层间距增加,使产品微观结构往层间距更宽的层状液晶结构转变。二丙二醇的加入,未发现明显的层间距增加情况。PEG-400的加入,层状液晶结构发生破坏。差示扫描量热法DSC数据结果表明,多元醇的加入可提高产品的结膏温度,对结膏温度的影响依次表现为：丁二醇>甘油>PEG-400>二丙二醇。其中甘油体系中结晶产生的放热峰最干净、尖锐,而丁二醇体系放热峰最平坦不规则,证明了椰油酰基甘氨酸/钾在甘油体系中形成的结晶颗粒最均匀细腻。因此甘油可促进体系形成更加稳定的层状凝胶相与均匀细腻的固体结晶,二者稳定共存,保证了以椰油酰甘氨酸钾为主表的结晶型洁面膏产品的稳定性。 The influences of four polyols （glycerin, 1,3-butylene glycol, PEG-400 and dipropylene glycol） on the stability of crystalline facial cleansing cream based on potassium cocoyl glycinate were investigated. SAXS results displayed lamellar liquid crystal structure of N-cocoyl glycine/potassium N-cocoyl glycinate in aqueous phase. The addition of glycerin increased the interlayer spacing of lamellar, transferring the microstructure towards lamellar liquid crystal structure with broader interlayer spacing. No obvious increasing of the interlayer spacing of lamellar structure was observed with the addition of dipropylene glycol. PEG-400 destroyed the lamellar liquid crystal structure. DSC results revealed that the addition of polyols could elevate the crystallizing temperature. The sequence of impacts was 1,3-butylene glycol>glycerin>PEG-400>dipropylene glycol. In contrast to the rough broad peak of 1,3-butylene glycol system in DSC, the formulation with glycerin showed narrow and clean peak, which indicated that the crystal structure formed with glycerin was uniform and fine. Therefore, glycerin promoted the formation of a more stable layered gel phase and promoted uniform solid crystallization in the system, and the stable coexistence of the two maintained the stability of the crystal-type facial cleansing cream based on potassium cocoyl glycinate. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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月桂酰基赖氨酸稳定的Pickering乳液的制备研究 Preparation of Pickering emulsion stabilized by lauroyl lysine 何怡静,许虎君 2021 (5):  413-420.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.007 摘要 ( 362 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF(2212KB) ( 344 )   为了研究月桂酰基赖氨酸（LL）稳定W/O型Pickering乳液的效果,以月桂酰氯和赖氨酸为主要原料合成LL,探究了温度对颗粒尺寸的影响,以LL为颗粒乳化剂,制备Pickering乳液,探讨了均质速率、乳化温度、颗粒质量分数和油水体积比对乳液制备的影响。结果表明：LL在最佳结晶温度下的粒径为（1 347.4±156.9） nm,LL的接触角为145.8°;较优的Pickering乳液制备条件是均质速率为11 000 r/min,乳化温度为20 ℃,颗粒质量分数为2%,油水体积比为5∶5,此条件下制备的乳液具有很好的稳定性。 In order to study the effect of lauroyl lysine （LL） on stabilizing water-in-oil Pickering emulsion, LL was synthesized with lauroyl chloride and lysine as the main raw materials. The influence of temperature on particle diameter was explored. Pickering emulsion was prepared by using LL particle emulsifier, and the effects of homogenization rate, emulsification temperature, particle mass fraction and oil/water volume ratio on the preparation of emulsion were discussed. The results show that the particle diameter of LL at the optimal crystallization temperature is （1 347.4±156.9） nm, and the contact angle of LL is 145.8°. The better preparation conditions of Pickering emulsion are that the homogenization rate is 11 000 r/min, the emulsification temperature is 20 ℃, the particle mass fraction is 2%, and the oil/water volume ratio is 5∶5. The emulsion prepared under these conditions has good stability. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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党参复方提取物的活性及洗发液制备与质量研究 Study on the activity of radix codonopsis extract and the preparation and quality of a shampoo 贾颖,赵婧,萧猷勤 2021 (5):  421-427.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.008 摘要 ( 335 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF(972KB) ( 329 )   以党参复方提取物为主要活性成分,研制了一款中药复方洗发液。采用硝酸铝显色法测定党参复方总黄酮含量;通过体外抗氧化试验研究党参复方的抗氧化能力;筛选以氨基酸表面活性剂为主的基本配方,依据GB/T 29679–2013《洗发液、洗发膏》进行评价。结果显示,党参复方提取液中的总黄酮得率为8.32%;抗氧化试验表明党参复方清除DPPH自由基、清除羟自由基、总抗氧化能力在一定范围随着总黄酮质量浓度的增大而增强;性能评价表明制备的洗发液符合国家标准。党参复方洗发液是一款成分安全、抗氧化能力强、稳定性好的产品。 A shampoo was prepared in which radix codonopsis extract was the major active ingredient. The content of total flavonoids in radix codonopsis extract was 8.32% as determined by Al（NO3） 3 colorimetry. The in vitro antioxidant ability of radix codonopsis extract was studied. The results showed that the abilities to clear DPPH and hydroxyl radicals and the total antioxidant capacity increased with the increase of mass concentration of total flavonoids. The formulation with an amino acid surfactant as the main surfactant was optimized and evaluated according to GB/T 29679–2013 “Hair shampoo, cream shampoo”. The radix codonopsis shampoo was a product with safe ingredients and good antioxidant capacity and stability. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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温敏性聚甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯季铵盐制备及性质研究 Study on preparation and properties of thermal responsive poly （dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate） quaternary ammonium 钟国媛,张黎明,胡冬敏,彭化南,杨彦春,郑劼 2021 (5):  428-432.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.009 摘要 ( 390 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF(1250KB) ( 380 )   通过可逆加成断裂链转移聚合方法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯（PDMAEMA）均聚物,利用溴化苄对PDMAEMA进行季铵化得到一系列不同季铵化程度的PDMAEMA季铵盐。通过核磁共振波谱、凝胶渗透色谱、表面张力测试、动态光散射和Zeta电位对产物进行表征和性质分析。实验结果表明成功制备了PDMAEMA和聚季铵盐,芳基季铵化的PDMAEMA具有优良的表面活性,在25 g/L质量浓度下季铵化程度对其表面张力值影响不大。季铵化后的聚合物粒子流体力学直径变大。随季铵化程度增加,PDMAEMA季铵盐的温敏性逐渐消失。 Polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate （PDMAEMA） homopolymer was prepared by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization method, and a series of PDMAEMA quaternary ammonium salts with different degrees of quaternization were synthesized by quaternization with benzyl bromide. The products were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, surface tension test, dynamic light scattering and Zeta potential analysis were carried out for studying their properties. The results show that PDMAEMA and polyquaternary ammonium salts have been successfully prepared. The aryl quaternized PDMAEMA has excellent surface activity, and the degree of quaternization has little effect on its minimum surface tension. The particle size of the quaternized particles above 40% is obviously increased. As the degree of quaternization increases, the temperature responsibility of PDMAEMA quaternary ammonium salt gradually disappears. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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汤原温泉水联合甘草酸二钾抗炎舒敏功效的研究 Study of anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy effects of Yubara hotspring water combined with dipotassium glycyrrhizinate 乔武,贾霆涵,陆静,贺来健 2021 (5):  433-437.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.010 摘要 ( 465 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF(1419KB) ( 403 )   利用角质形成细胞和3D重组人表皮模型构建炎症和过敏模型,验证汤原温泉水（HW）联合甘草酸二钾（DG）的抗炎和舒敏功效。细胞活力实验结果显示DG安全作用浓度为100 μmol/L,HW使用浓度为1%。抗炎方面,1% HW联合100 μmol/L DG对炎症因子复合物诱导活化的NF-κB信号通路抑制率为56%。在炎症因子复合物诱导的重组人表皮模型中,HW联合DG有效降低白介素1α （IL-1α）和白介素6 （IL-6）分泌水平。舒敏方面,HW联合DG能够显著降低血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）分泌水平并下调辣椒素受体（TRPV1）与环氧合酶（COX-2） mRNA表达。 Keratinocytes and 3D skin models were applied to establish anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy models. Based on this model, the effects of hotspring water （HW） combined with dipotassium glycyrrhizinate （DG） were studied. The results showed that, the safe concentration of DG was below 100 μmol/L combined with 1% HW. The combination group could decrease the activity of NF-κB by 56% （NF-κB was induced by inflammatory cocktail）, and could significantly reduce the secretion of IL-1α and IL-6. The combination group also provided anti-allergy effect by reducing the secretion of VEGF and the expression levels of allergy related genes including TRPV1 and COX-2. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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采用DPRA替代方法评价3种香料的皮肤致敏性 Evaluation of skin sensitization of three perfumes by using DPRA alternative method 杨婷婷,易路遥,王绎,李杰,吉伟佳,章红 2021 (5):  438-442.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.011 摘要 ( 338 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF(1262KB) ( 334 )   采用直接肽反应试验（DPRA）对新铃兰醛、氯化苔黑醛和苔黑醛3种香料的致敏性进行评价。在本实验室建立DPRA方法,采用高效液相色谱仪测定新铃兰醛、氯化苔黑醛和苔黑醛及其他6种已知致敏性化合物的多肽消除率,并进行皮肤致敏性的预测判定。通过比较DPRA和小鼠局部淋巴结试验（LLNA）结果的一致性,判断方法的可行性,并最终判定3种香料的致敏性。结果表明,6种已知化合物的DPRA和LLNA致敏性结果一致,3种香料的DPRA预测结果均为阳性。DPRA方法操作简便,准确度高,可以作为皮肤致敏性评价的替代方法。 The sensitization of lyral, chloroatranol and atranol was evaluated by direct peptide reaction test （DPRA） . The DPRA method was established in our lab. The polypeptide elimination rate of lyral, chloroatranol, atranol and six other compounds with known sensitization were measured by HPLC, and the skin sensitization was then predicted. The feasibility of DPRA method was determined by comparing its consistency with LLNA results, and the sensitization of the three perfumes was finally determined. The sensitization results of the six known compounds as evaluated by DPRA and LLNA were consistent, and the DPRA predictions of the three perfumes were positive. The DPRA method was simple and accurate, and could be used as an alternative method for skin sensitization evaluation. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

专论与综述

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新型分子光开关DASA：合成、性能及功能应用 Novel photoswitchable molecules DASA: synthesis, properties and functional applications 闵凡,黄海康,王德琦,楚宗霖 2021 (5):  443-449.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.012 摘要 ( 1068 )   HTML ( 28 )   PDF(1342KB) ( 705 )   DASA （Donor-Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts）是由给体、受体和三烯-烯醇构成的一类新型光开关分子,在吸收可见光后线型的三烯-烯醇可转化为环状结构,相应地该化合物由有色转化为无色。该无色的环状异构体是热力学不稳定的产物,在黑暗环境下能够自发地、可逆地恢复为有色的线型异构体。这一独特的光开关性能使它们在智能材料、生物传感、药物释放、超分子化学、催化科学、表界面技术等许多领域都存在重要潜在应用。利用其光激发前后极性变化的特性来调控材料表面润湿性可以成功应用在微流体体系控制当中,其绿光响应的特性也避免了传统紫外相应光开关分子在药物释放时紫外光对细胞的损伤。本文综述了DASA的合成方法、光控性能及功能化应用,并展望了未来的发展方向。 Donor-Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts （DASA） are a novel type of photoswitchable compounds that consist of donors, acceptors and triene-enol bridges. The triene-enol chain could be destroyed by absorbing visible light, resulting in structural transformation from colored linear structure to the colorless cyclic structure. The colorless cyclic structure could reverse to linear structure in the dark environment through thermal relaxation. Such unique photoswitchable properties impart them great potential in the areas of smart materials, biosensors, drug delivery, supramolecular chemistry, catalysis, and surface technology. They are able to control the microfluidic systems due to the change of polarity after irradiation, and their green-light responsive character can avoid the damage by ultraviolet radiation, which makes them proper drug delivery controller compared to traditional UV-responsive photoswitches. In this review, we have summarized the synthesis, photoswitchable behaviors and functional applications of DASA, and we also point out the future trends in this field. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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地骨皮化学成分及其生物学功效研究进展 Research progress on the chemical constituents and biological effects of Cortex Lycii 徐鹤然,赵乐,张晓娜,化璟琳,王敏,赵华 2021 (5):  450-456.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.013 摘要 ( 631 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF(1176KB) ( 1239 )   地骨皮为茄科植物枸杞的干燥根皮,是一类应用历史悠久的药食同源中药材,具有很高的生物学功效和药用价值。地骨皮含有多种生物碱类、有机酸及其酯类、苷类、甾醇类、香豆素类、蒽醌类、黄酮类等有效成分,药理活性丰富,同时也具有治疗皮肤损伤和美容护肤的功效。本研究重点讨论了地骨皮的来源与分布、有效化学成分、药理活性及作用机制、美容护肤作用及研究现状等,并对地骨皮作为天然功效原料在美容护肤和化妆品行业中的应用前景进行了展望。 Cortex Lycii, the dried root bark of Lycium barbarum L. and Lycium chinense Mill. which belongs to Lycium, is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of medicine and food and has high biological efficacy and medicinal value. It contains a variety of ingredients, including alkaloids, organic acids, glycosides, sterols, coumarins, anthraquinones, flavonoids, etc. Not only has a wealth of pharmacological activity, but also has the treatment of skin damage and beauty skin care effect. This article aimed at reviewing the recent literatures on its origin and distribution, the effective chemical constituents, pharmacological activity and mechanism, skin care effect and research status of Cortex Lycii so as to look forward to the application prospect of Cortex Lycii as a natural functional raw material in skin care and cosmetics industry. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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聚四氟乙烯分散液稳定性研究进展 Progress in research of the stability of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion 陈越,殷鸿尧,隋晓媛,冯玉军 2021 (5):  457-462.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.014 摘要 ( 542 )   HTML ( 23 )   PDF(1389KB) ( 641 )   聚四氟乙烯因其高稳定性、低摩擦系数及优异的介电性能等独特性质,在各行业的应用越来越广泛。高浓度高稳定性的聚四氟乙烯分散液是制备相关成型产品和添加剂的重要原料。首先介绍了聚四氟乙烯分散液的制备方法,随后聚焦于分散液稳定性的评价方法,详细介绍了近年发展的静态多重光散射技术表征聚四氟乙烯分散液稳定性的方法。该方法不仅可以获得聚四氟乙烯分散液的稳定性信息,还可以定量分析体系的不稳定现象和原因,例如上浮、沉淀、絮凝、聚并等。此外,还对聚四氟乙烯浓缩分散液的稳定机理进行了综述,对目前浓缩分散液的稳定性研究进展进行了总结与归纳,并对该领域的发展趋势进行了展望。 Owing to the extraordinary properties including high stability, low friction coefficient and large dielectric strength, polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） has been used more and more widely in various industries. Highly stable and concentrated PTFE dispersion is the important raw material used to prepare corresponding final products and additives. The preparation of PTFE dispersions was summarized, and then the assessment methods of their stability were introduced. The method based on multiple light scattering technology developed recently was introduced in detail. This method could not only obtain the stability information of PTFE dispersions, but also quantitatively analyze the instability phenomena and causes of the systems, such as floating, precipitation, flocculation, coalescence and so on. In addition, the stabilization mechanism of PTFE concentrated dispersions was reviewed. The research progress in the stability thereof in recent years was summarized, and the development trend of this field was prospected. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

分析与检测

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高效液相色谱-串联质谱法在化妆品违禁药物快速筛查中的应用 Application of high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in rapid screening of prohibited drugs in cosmetics 赵峥嵘 2021 (5):  463-467.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.015 摘要 ( 359 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF(1214KB) ( 403 )   针对化妆品在使用过程中会使人体皮肤出现过敏、炎症等问题,使用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（HPLC-MS）快速筛查化妆品中8种违禁药物（米诺地尔,雌三醇,螺内酯,坎利酮,雌酮,雌二醇,己烯雌酚,黄体酮）。将化妆品样品经过一定体积比的甲醇-水混合溶液提取后,利用HLB固相萃取柱进行净化处理,采用色谱柱分离复溶后的样液,以浓度为10 mmol/L的甲醇-水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,并对8种化妆品违禁药物进行定性和定量分析,检测出8种化妆品的回收率为80%~96%,相对标准偏差为3.7%~8.2%,可满足化妆品违禁药物的筛查要求,提高了化妆品中违禁药物快速筛查准确度。 In response to people’s skin allergies and inflammation during the process of using cosmetics, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS） was used to quickly screen 8 prohibited drugs （minoxidil, estriol, spironolactone, canrenone, estrone, estradiol, diethylstilbestrol, progesterone prog） in cosmetics. The cosmetic samples were extracted by methanol water mixed solution with a certain volume ratio. HLB solid phase extraction column is used to purify cosmetic samples. The chromatographic column was used to separate the reconstituted sample solution. Methanol-water with a concentration of 10 mmol/L was used as the mobile phase for gradient elution. 8 kinds of prohibited drugs in cosmetics were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Experiments have detected that the recovery rate of 8 kinds of cosmetics are between 80% and 96%. The relative standard deviations of 8 kinds of cosmetics are between 3.7% and 8.2%, which can meet the screening requirements of prohibited drugs in cosmetics and improve the accuracy of rapid screening of prohibited drugs in cosmetics. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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全自动固相萃取-LC/MS/MS法测定化妆品中76种糖皮质激素 Detection of 76 glucocorticoids in cosmetics by automatic solid-phase extraction and LC/MS/MS 杨飘飘,刘红,李丽霞 2021 (5):  468-476.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.05.016 摘要 ( 336 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF(1109KB) ( 382 )   建立了全自动固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）同时快速测定化妆品中76种糖皮质激素的分析方法。质谱仪采用电喷雾离子化源、正离子多反应检测模式。实验对液态水基类、乳液类、膏霜类三种不同基质类别的化妆品进行考察。样品以饱和氯化钠溶液分散,乙腈进行提取,并选择全自动固相萃取仪进行净化过程。结果表明,76种糖皮质激素的检出限（LODs）为0.004~0.024 μg/g;在10~100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好（r>0.99）;回收率为76.1%~120.8%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.4%~13.0%。该方法简便高效,灵敏可靠,适用于各种不同类别的化妆品中76种糖皮质激素的检测。 A automatic solid-phase extraction- ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric （UPLC-MS/MS） method was established for the determination of 76 glucocorticoids in cosmetics. The mass spectrometer was operated by electrospray ionization and positive multiple reaction monitoring. The cosmetics with liquid water-based, emulsion and cream were investigated. The samples were dispersed in saturated sodium chloride solution, extracted with acetonitrile, and purified by automatic solid-phase extraction apparatus. The results show that the limits of detection （LODs） for 76 glucocorticoids are in the range of 0.004-0.024 μg/g. Good linear relationship exists between peak area and mass concentration of 10-100 ng/mL with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. The average recoveries are in the range of 76.1%-120.8%, with relative standard deviations （RSDs） of 0.4%-13.0%．The method is simple, efficient, sensitive, reliable,and is suitable for the general detection of 76 glucocorticoids in various kinds of cosmetics. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标