当期目录

2019年, 第49卷, 第10期　刊出日期：2019-10-22 上一期    下一期

基础研究

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基于多重光散射法研究CO2泡沫稳定性 Study on the stability of CO2 foam by multiple light scattering method 康万利,黄子桐,杨红斌,殷夏,朱彤宇,张向峰 2019 (10):  627-632.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.001 摘要 ( 334 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF(1259KB) ( 787 )   CO2泡沫在油藏运移过程中不断地产生和破灭,其稳定性控制着泡沫体系在地层条件下的防窜性能,是泡沫驱的一项重要的评价指标。建立了一种基于多重光散射法研究泡沫稳定性的手段,利用透射光、背散射光强度变化能够记录不同时期泡沫消泡、析液过程中的微小变化并探讨泡沫破灭的微观机理,提出了通过TSI值定量计算泡沫体系半衰期的方法。另外,用Warning-Blender法对比研究了阴非离子表面活性剂SS163及其与纳米颗粒复配体系形成的CO2泡沫体系稳定性。研究结果表明,多重光散射法具有温度控制更精准、无外界空气流动影响等优点,是一种具有较高准确度和重复性的泡沫评价方法。 CO2 foam is constantly generated and destroyed during the process of flowing in the reservoir, and the gas channeling capacity of foam depends on its stability which is an important evaluation index of foam flooding. A method based on multiple light scattering to study the stability of foam has been established, in which the small changes in foam defoaming and liquid drainage in different periods can be reflected by the intensity changes of transmitted light and backscattered light. The microscopic mechanisms of foam collapse were explored, and a method for quantitatively calculating the half-life of a foam system by TSI was proposed. In addition, the CO2 foam stabilized by anionic-nonionic surfactant SS163 and its mixture with nanoparticles were prepared, and the foam stability was compared by multiple light scattering method and Warning-Blender method. The results demonstrate that multiple light scattering method has advantages such as more precise temperature control and no influence of external air flow, which is a foam evaluation method with high accuracy and repeatability. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

科技讲座

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表面活性剂-纳米颗粒相互作用与智能体系的构建（IV）非离子表面活性剂-纳米颗粒相互作用——氢键作用构建温度-响应性Pickering乳状液 Interactions between surfactants and nanoparticles and theconstruction of smart systems（IV）Interactions between nanoparticles and nonionic surfactantsConstruction of temperature-responsive Pickering emulsionsvia hydrogen bonding 张婉晴,蒋建中,崔正刚 2019 (10):  633-642.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.002 摘要 ( 416 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF(2519KB) ( 590 )   在水介质中,多数无机商品纳米颗粒的表面除了带有电荷,一般还分布有大量的羟基。这些表面羟基一方面使颗粒表面具有强亲水性,另一方面提供了丰富的位点,使其能够与聚氧乙烯（EO）基团形成氢键,故而含有EO基团的非离子表面活性剂能够通过氢键作用吸附于这些固体颗粒表面,形成以EO链朝向颗粒表面、烷基链朝向水的单分子层,对颗粒产生原位疏水化作用。由于氢键具有温度效应：在低温下易于建立和稳定,在高温下减弱或断裂,因此利用氢键作用可以获得以温度为触发机制的开关性表面活性颗粒。本讲座将介绍如何利用非离子表面活性剂和普通纳米颗粒例如纳米SiO2组合,通过氢键作用构建温度-响应性Pickering乳状液。 In aqueous media, the surfaces of most commercial inorganic nanoparticles are not only charged but also distributed with a large amount of hydroxyl groups. On the one hand, these hydroxyl groups make the particle surfaces strongly hydrophilic, and on the other hand, they provide abundant sites, enabling the formation of hydrogen bonding with polyoxyethylene（EO）group. Therefore, the nonionic surfactants containing EO group can adsorb at the particle/water interface with EO chains on particle surface and the alkyl chains oriented toward water, forming a hydrophobic monolayer and producing hydrophobization in situ to the particle surfaces. Since hydrogen bonding is temperature sensitive（i.e. it is easy to be established and stable at low temperature, but is weakened and even broken at high temperature）, it is possible to obtain switchable surface-active inorganic nanoparticles triggered by temperature by means of hydrogen bonding. Herein, it will be discussed that how to construct temperature-responsive Pickering emulsions by using nonionic surfactants in combination with common inorganic nanoparticles such as silica nanoparticles via hydrogen bonding interaction. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

开发与应用

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基于SPSS多元线性回归分析不同因素对贮藏期间AES中二噁烷含量的影响 Analysis of different influencing factors on the content ofdioxane in sodium fatty alcohol ether sulphate duringstorage based on SPSS multiple linear regression 徐坤华,屈小妮,葛赞,雷小英,陶华东,李伏益 2019 (10):  643-648.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.003 摘要 ( 442 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF(1061KB) ( 501 )   以单因素试验为基础,结合多元线性回归研究了不同因素对脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠（AES）中二噁烷含量的影响。结果表明：贮藏期间,AES产品中的二噁烷含量与EO数、温度、pH值和时间呈正相关,即随着EO数的增加,温度的升高,pH值的增大和时间的延长,AES中的二噁烷含量均增加;采用多元线性回归分析各因素对二噁烷含量的影响,影响程度为：EO数>pH值>时间>温度;光照对二噁烷含量的增长具有一定的影响,但影响程度较小。 Based on the results obtained from single factor experiments and in combination with multiple linear regressions, the influences of different factors on the content of dioxane in sodium fatty alcohol ether sulphate（AES）were investigated. The results show that the dioxane content in AES is positively correlated with EO number, temperature, pH and time during storage, i.e., more dioxane exists in the case of larger EO number, higher temperature, higher pH or longer time. According to the analysis with multiple linear regression, the contributions of the 4 factors to the increase of dioxane in AES are ranked as follows: EO number>pH>time>temperature. Sunshine has a slight influence on the increase of dioxane content. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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丁香不同溶剂提取物的复配物的抑菌性研究 Study on antibacterial property of clove complex extracted by different solvents 娄淑琴,夏玮,陈林枭,宋金星,孙一硕,张文清 2019 (10):  649-655.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.004 摘要 ( 529 )   HTML ( 37 )   PDF(1264KB) ( 451 )   探究丁香不同溶剂提取复配物的抑菌活性、抗菌机理及在化妆品中的应用。通过测定抑菌圈、最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和部分抑菌浓度指数（FIC）来说明丁香提取物的抑菌效果,结果显示丁香乙酸乙酯提取物（C-EA）和正己烷提取物（C-NH）联合使用时的FIC≤1,对各试验菌具有协同或相加作用,当二者的配比为1∶1（g ∶g）时,丁香复配物（C-C1∶1）的抑菌效果最佳。通过试验菌的生长曲线和扫描电镜图判断C-C1∶1对试验菌的抑菌机理,结果显示C-C1∶1对试验菌的主要抑制在其对数生长期及稳定期,推断出C-C1∶1是通过破坏菌体的细胞壁结构导致菌体形变,从而达到抑菌杀菌的效果。通过防腐体系效能挑战试验测定C-C1∶1在化妆品中的抑菌效果,结果表明4.76 g/L的C-C1∶1能够通过对试验菌的防腐挑战测试,优于同质量浓度的苯氧乙醇。 The antibacterial activity, antibacterial mechanism and application in the cosmetics of clove complex extracted by different solvents were explored. Inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）and fractional inhibitor concentration（FIC）were determined to show the antibacterial activity of clove extracts. The results show that the FIC of the combination of ethyl acetate extract（C-EA）and n-hexane extract（C-NH）of clove is less than 1, which has synergistic or additive effects on the tested bacteria. When the ratio of the two is 1∶1（g ∶g）, the antibacterial effect of clove complex（C-C1∶1）is the best. The antibacterial mechanism of C-C1∶1 was inferred through the growth inhibition curve and scanning electron micrograph of microorganisms. The results show that the main inhibition mechanism of C-C1∶1 to the tested bacteria is in its logarithmic growth and stable period. It is inferred that C-C1∶1 can cause the deformation of the bacteria by destroying the cell wall structure, thus achieving the bacteriostasis and sterilization effect. The antibacterial effect of C-C1∶1 in the cosmetics was determined via the preservative efficacy challenge test. The results show that 4.76 g/L of clove complex can pass the test, which is superior to the same mass concentration ofphenoxyethanol. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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蚌肉多糖提取物抗UVB致人真皮成纤维细胞损伤的研究 Study on the anti- UVB-induced photoaging and damage of human dermal fibroblasts by polysacchride extract from Hyriopsis cumingii 陈心馨,罗安玲,李佳洛,郑有丽,丛峰松 2019 (10):  656-660.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.005 摘要 ( 310 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF(1020KB) ( 512 )   利用人真皮成纤维细胞（HDF-a）和中波紫外线（306 nm）建立皮肤光损伤模型,以该模型考察蚌肉多糖提取物（HCP）抵御光损伤的能力,分别对其抑制氧化损伤和炎症损伤的功效进行评价。结果显示：质量浓度为0.1,1和10 g/L的HCP能显著提高光损伤HDF-a的存活率,最高可达86.63%;在抑制氧化损伤方面,HCP能有效提高细胞内SOD活性和GSH含量并降低MDA含量,增强细胞清除自由基的能力;在舒缓炎症方面,HCP能阻断NF-κB信号通路,从而抑制IL-6等炎症因子的释放。 Human dermal fibroblasts（HDF-a）and UVB（306 nm）were used to construct a skin photoaging model. The anti-photoaging ability of polysacchride extract from Hyriopsis cumingii（HCP）was investigated by using this model, and its effects on inhibiting oxidative damage and inflammation injury were evaluated respectively. Results show that HCP with mass concentration of 0.1,1 and 10 g/L can significantly improve the survival rate of photoaging and damage HDF-a , up to 86.63%. In terms of inhibiting oxidative damage, the extract can effectively increase intracellular SOD activity and GSH content and reduce MDA content, and enhance the ability of cells to scavenge free radicals. In terms of alleviating inflammation, the extract can block the NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibit the release of inflammatory factors such as IL-6. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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发酵法制备沙棘籽粕总黄酮的初步纯化及抗衰老活性评价 Preliminary purification and anti-aging activity evaluation of total flavonoids prepared from sea-buckthorn seed meal by fermentation 由士权,王昌涛,张佳婵,李萌,赵丹,安全 2019 (10):  661-667.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.006 摘要 ( 344 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF(1298KB) ( 743 )   研究大孔吸附树脂纯化沙棘籽粕发酵提取液的工艺条件以及抗衰老活性。对3种大孔吸附树脂分离纯化的效果进行了比较,考察了X-5大孔树脂分离的较佳工艺条件,并通过MTT法评价了提取物对细胞生长的影响,采用DPPH法、提取物对细胞内活性氧和MMP-1活性的抑制、促进胶原蛋白合成来评价提取物的抗衰老活性。结果表明,较佳工艺条件为：吸附时间2 h,吸附温度15 ℃,洗脱剂体积分数60%,洗脱时间2.5 h,洗脱温度45 ℃。在此条件下吸附量可达2.33 mg/g,解析率可达94.75%;MTT实验表明对成纤维细胞基本无毒副作用;对DPPH自由基清除率达到50%时的质量浓度（IC50）为1.06 mg/L,活性氧水平显著下降,MMP-1活性降低,胶原蛋白含量有所提高。沙棘籽粕发酵液有较好的抗衰老活性。 The fermentation extract of sea-buckthorn seed meal was purified by macroporous adsorption resin. The technological conditions in the purification process were studied, as well as the anti-aging activity of the extract. The effects of separation and purification of three macroporous adsorption resins were compared. The optimum separation conditions with X-5 macroporous resin were investigated. The effect of the extract on cell growth was evaluated by MTT method. The anti-aging activity of the extract was evaluated by DPPH method, the inhibition of the activities of intracellular reactive oxygen species and MMP-1, and the promotion of collagen synthesis. The results show that the optimum process conditions: adsorption time of 2 h, adsorption temperature of 15 ℃, eluent volume fraction of 60%, elution time of 2.5 h, and elution temperature of 45 ℃. Under such conditions, the adsorption amount could reach 2.33 mg/g, and the resolution rate could reach 94.75%. The MTT experiment showed that it had no toxic side effects on fibroblasts; the mass concentration when the DPPH radical scavenging rate reaches 50%（IC50）was 1.06 mg/L; the level of reactive oxygen species decreased significantly; the MMP-1activity was decreased; the collagen content was increased. The fermentation broth of sea-buckthorn seed meal showed good anti-aging activity. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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利用HDF和HUVEC细胞模型评价4种蜂毒体外抗衰老及其抗炎的功效研究 Evaluation of anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects of four beevenoms in vitro by HDF and HUVEC cell models 刘印康,张根生,黄国忠,陈济宽,张红城 2019 (10):  668-673.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.007 摘要 ( 406 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF(1019KB) ( 479 )   为探究金黄虎头蜂、葫芦蜂、夜食蜂和意蜂蜂毒体外抗衰老的功效,检测了4种蜂毒对人真皮成纤维细胞（HDF）模型分泌的I型胶原蛋白（Col-I）和基质金属蛋白酶（MMP-1）的影响;为探究金黄虎头蜂、葫芦蜂、夜食蜂和意蜂蜂毒体外抗炎功效,检测了4种蜂毒对脂多糖（LPS） 诱导的人脐带静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）炎症模型分泌的炎症因子一氧化氮（NO）、人白细胞介素6（IL-6）和人白细胞介素8（IL-8）的影响。结果表明,当金黄虎头蜂和葫芦蜂蜂毒质量浓度为10 mg/L时,HDF细胞分泌的MMP-1的含量分别降低了26.03%和43.64%,而Col-I的含量分别增加了24.62%和30.31%;4种蜂毒刺激HUVEC细胞后,均能降低细胞分泌的炎症因子的含量,意蜂蜂毒质量浓度为5 mg/L时,IL-6的含量与模型组相比降低了62%;意蜂蜂毒质量浓度为10 mg/L时,其抑制细胞分泌IL-8的作用效果最明显,降低了模型组IL-8含量的68%。4种蜂毒均具有抗炎功效,金黄虎头蜂和葫芦蜂蜂毒具有抗衰老功效。 To investigate the anti-aging effects of Vespa mandarinia Smith, Vespa bicolor Fabricius, Xylocopa（Nyctomelitta） tranquebarica and Apis mellifera venom in vitro, type I collagen（Col-I） and matrix metalloproteinase（MMP-1） secreted by human dermal fibroblasts（HDF） was detected. And in order to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of Vespa mandarinia Smith, Vespa bicolor Fabricius, Xylocopa（Nyctomelitta） tranquebarica and Apis mellifera venom in vitro, the inflammatory factors nitric oxide（NO）, human interleukin-6（IL-6） and human interleukin 8（IL-8） secreted by lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells（HUVEC） were detected. The results show that when the concentration of Vespa mandarinia Smith and Vespa bicolor Fabricius venom is 10 mg/L, the contents of MMP-1 secreted by HDF cells decrease by 26.03% and 43.64%, while the contents of Col-I increase by 24.62% and 30.31%, respectively. After stimulation of HUVEC cells by four bee venoms, the contents of inflammatory cytokines secreted by cells are reduced. At 5 mg/L, the content of IL-6 is reduced by 62% compared with the model group. When the concentration of bee venom is 10 mg/L, its inhibitory effect on IL-8 secretion is the most obvious, which reduces the content of IL-8 by 68% in the model group. In summary, four bee venoms have anti-inflammatory effects, but only Vespa mandarinia Smith and Vespa bicolor Fabricius venom have anti-aging effects. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

专论与综述

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6种常见中草药在防脱化妆品中的运用前景 Application prospect of six common Chinese herbal medicines inanti-hair loss products 袁阳明,曾衍生,毛善巧 2019 (10):  674-680.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.008 摘要 ( 594 )   HTML ( 27 )   PDF(1068KB) ( 1575 )   综述了脱发的机理,对生姜、知母、红花、人参、侧柏、龙血竭6种中草药的药用价值进行了分析,并对这6种中草药在防脱化妆品中的运用提出展望。旨在为中草药防脱化妆品的研究提供参考。 The mechanism of hair loss was reviewed. The medicinal value of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Carthamus tinctorius（L.）, Panax ginseng（C. A. Mey.）, Biota orientalis and Resina draconis was also analyzed. Finally, the application of these six Chinese herbal medicines in anti-hair loss products was prospected. The aim was to provide reference for the research of anti-hair loss products of Chinese herbal medicine. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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纳米结构脂质载体制备方法及在化妆品中的应用研究进展 Progress in preparation of nanostructured lipid carriersand its application in cosmetics 刘清霞,徐梦漪,温子敏,朱永闯,龚盛昭,张勇 2019 (10):  681-687.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.009 摘要 ( 808 )   HTML ( 64 )   PDF(802KB) ( 1205 )   综述了纳米结构脂质载体的结构特点、制备工艺,概括了纳米结构脂质载体（NLC）用于化妆品的作用和添加形式,介绍了NLC在化妆品中作为防晒剂载体、活性物质载体、缓释载体的研究情况,展望了该技术在化妆品领域的发展前景。 The structural features and preparation technology of nanostructured lipid carrier（NLC）were reviewed. The role and adding forms of NLC in cosmetics were summarized. The research status of NLC as sunscreen carrier, active substance carrier and sustained release carrier in cosmetics was introduced. Furthermore, development outlook of NLC was prospected． 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

分析与检测

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液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中19种氨基酸 Simultaneous determination of 19 amino acids in cosmetics byliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 周金波,朱智甲 2019 (10):  688-693.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.010 摘要 ( 445 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF(855KB) ( 326 )   建立了柱前衍生,液相色谱-串联质谱测定化妆品中19种氨基酸的方法。化妆品样品经活性炭和少量水拌匀、加热、超声、离心分离后用水定容,采用Sharpsil-H C18（2.1 mm×100 mm×3 μm）色谱柱进行分离,以乙腈-乙酸铵体系作流动相,梯度方式洗脱,电喷雾正离子-多反应模式检测。结果表明,氨基酸质量浓度在0.005~100 mg/L范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数在0.991 7~0.999 9之间,19种氨基酸检出限在1~15 μg/L之间,化妆品样品加标回收率在83.4%~93.6%之间。 A method for the determination of 19 amino acids in cosmetics by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with pre-column derivation was established. The samples were mixed with activated carbon and a small amount of water, heated, sonicated, centrifuged and then made up to a fixed volume with water. Then separated by Sharpsil-H C18（2.1 mm×100 mm×3 μm）column. The acetonitrile- ammonium acetate system was used as mobile phase, with gradient elution, electrospray positive ion-multiple reaction mode detection. The results show that the linear relationship is good with the concentration of amino acid in the range of 0.005-100 mg/L. The correlation coefficient was 0.991 7-0.999 9.The detection limits of 19 amino acids ranged from 1 to 15 μg/L, and the recovery rates of cosmetic samples were 83.4%-93.6%. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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UPLC-Q-TOF-MS法同时测定椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱中一氯乙酸、二氯乙酸和羟基乙酸 Simultaneously determination of monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid and glycollic acid in cocamidopropyl betaine by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS 黄芳,王玉芹,邓欣,谢淑桐,黄晓兰,吴惠勤 2019 (10):  694-698.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.10.011 摘要 ( 564 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF(861KB) ( 791 )   建立了液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱同时测定椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱表面活性剂中一氯乙酸、二氯乙酸和羟基乙酸的方法。样品经水溶解后固相萃取小柱净化,经核壳型亚3 μm填料色谱柱Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18（3.0 mm× 100 mm×2.7 μm）分离,以0.1%（V/V）甲酸和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源负离子全扫描模式采集后,提取精确离子定性定量。经方法验证3种化合物在一定质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.997,3个添加水平的平均回收率在71.1%~92.2%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于15%,方法检出限分别为：一氯乙酸0.25 mg/kg,二氯乙酸0.025 mg/kg,羟基乙酸10 mg/kg。 A method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS） had been developed for the simultaneous determination of monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid and glycollic acid in cocamidopropyl betaine surfactant. The samples were dissolved by water, then purified by solid phase extraction and separated by a core-shell sub-3 μm column Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18（3.0 mm×100 mm×2.7 μm） with a gradient elution of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. Under electrospray ion source negative ion full scan mode, the extracted accurate ion was used to do qualitative and quantitative determination. The results show that the linearity of the three compounds is good in a certain concentration range, and the correlation coefficients are greater than 0.998.The average recovery of the three levels ranges from 71.1% to 92.2%, and the relative standard deviation（RSD） is less than 15%. The detection limits of the optimized method are 0.25 mg/kg for monochloroacetic acid, 0.025 mg/kg for dichloroacetic acid and10 mg/kg for glycollic acid. 数据和表 | 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标