过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展渗透情况及其组成优化

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.02.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

过渡层作为固体推进剂主体材料与包覆层之间的连接，其存在能明显提高固体推进剂与包覆层之间的粘接性。过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展、渗透和覆盖情况将直接关系推进剂的服役效率，提高过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展均匀性和渗透性有助于增强包覆层与推进剂表面的相互作用。该研究采用动态接触角法测定不同过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展渗透情况，通过不同推进剂表面能的计算及过渡层表面张力的测定，分析推进剂及过渡层组成与过渡层铺展渗透作用之间的关系，据此优化过渡层组成。结果表明：固体推进剂的表面能越大越利于过渡层在其表面的铺展，推进剂表面能为97.62 mJ/m²时，水和甘油在其表面的接触角都小于表面能为55.83 mJ/m²；过渡层组成对其表面张力影响很大，调控过渡层组成可使其表面张力从48.7 mN/m降至24.8 mN/m左右；可以通过推进剂表面改性及过渡层组成调控的方式来改善过渡层在推进剂表面的铺展渗透作用，进而改善推进剂与包覆层间的界面粘接强度。

关键词: 过渡层, 推进剂, 动态接触角, 表面能, 铺展渗透作用

Abstract:

The liner, which is a transition layer serving as a bridge between the main material of the solid propellant and the coating layer, can significantly enhance the bonding between the solid propellant and the coating, thereby ensuring the structural integrity and operational reliability of the solid propellant during storage and usage. Therefore, the spreading, penetration, and coverage of this transition layer on the surface of solid propellant directly affect the propellant’s service efficiency. So, the surface behavior of this transition layer on the propellant is worth studying. Improving the spreading uniformity of the transition layer on the propellant surface and ensuring adequate penetration can enhance its interaction with the propellant surface. In this work, the spreading and penetration of different transition layers on the surface of solid propellant were studied by dynamic contact angle measurement. The relationship between the composition of the transition layer and its spreading and penetration was analyzed by calculating the surface energy of different propellants and measuring the surface tension of transition layer. Accordingly, the composition of transition layer was optimized. The results showed that, the larger the surface energy of solid propellant, the better the spreading of transition layer on its surface. When the propellant exhibited a surface energy of 97.62 mJ/m², both the instantaneous contact angles of water and glycerol on its surface were smaller than those observed at the surface energy of 55.83 mJ/m². Furthermore, the composition of the transition layer had significant influence on its surface tension. By adjusting the composition, the surface tension of the transition layer could be reduced from 48.7 mN/m to approximately 24.8 mN/m. Therefore, the spreading and penetration of the transition layer on the propellant surface could be improved by modifying the propellant surface and regulating the composition of the transition layer, which would improve the interfacial bonding strength between the propellant and the cladding.

Key words: transition layer, propellant, dynamic contact angle, surface energy, spread and penetrate

中图分类号:

李晓云, 王军威, 李欢婷, 张园力. 过渡层在固体推进剂表面的铺展渗透情况及其组成优化[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(2): 185-190.

Xiaoyun Li, Junwei Wang, Huanting Li, Yuanli Zhang. Spreading and penetration of liner on the surface of solid propellant and its composition optimization[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(2): 185-190.

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过渡层	时间/s
	0		15		30		45		60
	接触角/(°)	体积/μL	接触角/(°)	体积/μL	接触角/(°)	体积/μL	接触角/(°)	体积/μL	接触角/(°)	体积/μL
过渡层1	46.5	0.89	47.2	0.89	47.2	0.89	47.4	0.90	45.3	0.88
过渡层2	28.0	0.36	27.8	0.35	27.9	0.34	28.6	0.31	26.9	0.28
过渡层3	37.5	0.71	32.4	0.68	36.5	0.64	37.3	0.59	37.1	0.58

样品	接触角/（°）
样品	去离子水	甘油
1#	58.9	70.0
2#	65.0	73.1

液体	表面张力/（mJ/m²）	色散力/（mJ/m²）	极性力/（mJ/m²）
去离子水	72.0	21.0	51.0
甘油	64.0	34.0	30.0

表面能/ （mJ/m²）	1#推进剂样品			2#推进剂样品
	色散力	极性力	总表面能	色散力	极性力	总表面能
		43.6	54.0	97.6	12.1	43.7	55.8

样品	表面张力/（mN/m）			平均值/（mN/m）
过渡层1	48.7	48.8	48.6	48.7
过渡层2	25.5	25.5	25.5	25.5
过渡层3	38.6	38.5	38.4	38.5