耐温缓交联有机锆冻胶压裂液的制备与性能评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2023.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前现场常用的压裂液耐温性差、交联时间短及残渣含量高等诸多问题，以氧氯化锆、多元醇、有机配体、络合交联剂和高温稳定剂等原料成功合成了有机锆交联剂YJ-3，并选用聚丙烯酰胺类稠化剂RG-1和添加剂制备出一种耐温缓交联有机锆冻胶压裂液体系。采用单因素试验对交联剂YJ-3和稠化剂RG-1质量分数进行了优化，进而评价了该压裂液体系的性能指标。实验结果表明：压裂液的较优配方组成为0.50% RG-1+2.0% YJ-3+0.15% Na₂S₂O₃+0.8%助排剂，该体系交联时间在3~45 min之间可调，90 ℃和150℃时在170 s^-1速度下剪切2 h后黏度仍高于50 mPa·s，携砂性能和滤失性明显优于常规瓜胶压裂液体系，在1~3 h内可实现完全破胶，无残渣、易于返排，是一种性能优良的耐温缓交联型低伤害压裂液，具有广阔的现场应用前景。

关键词: 耐温, 锆冻胶, 压裂液, 缓交联, 性能评价

Abstract:

To solve the problems of poor temperature resistance, short cross-linking time and high residue content of fracturing fluids commonly used in field, an organic zirconium cross-linking agent YJ-3 was successfully synthesized from zirconium oxychloride, polyols, organic ligands, complex cross-linking agent and high temperature stabilizer. On this basis, a temperature resistant and slowly-cross-linking organic zirconium gelled fracturing fluid was prepared by selecting polyacrylamide thickener RG-1 and additives. Mass fractions of YJ-3 and RG-1 were optimized by single factor method, and the performance indexes of the fracturing fluid system were evaluated. Experimental results showed that the optimal composition of the fracturing fluid was 0.50% RG-1+2.0% YJ-3+0.15% Na₂S₂O₃+0.8% cleanup additive. The cross-linking time was adjustable between 3 and 45 min. The viscosity was still higher than 50 mPa·s at 90 ℃ and 150 ℃ after shear at 170 s^-1 for 2 h. The sand-carrying performance and filtration property were obviously better than that of conventional fracturing fluid system based on guar gum. Fracturing fluid could be completely broken within 1-3 h, without residue and easy to flow back. It is a kind of temperature-resistant, slowly-cross-linking and low-damage fracturing fluid with excellent performance, which has a broad application prospect.

Key words: temperature resistance, organic zirconium gel, fracturing fluid, slowly-cross-linking, performance evaluation

中图分类号:

TE357

斤朕, 张春生. 耐温缓交联有机锆冻胶压裂液的制备与性能评价[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2023, 53(3): 279-284.

Jin Zhen, Zhang Chunsheng. Preparation and performance evaluation of organic zirconium gelled fracturing fluid with high temperature resistance and slowly-cross-linking[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2023, 53(3): 279-284.

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项目	40 ℃	60 ℃	90 ℃	行业标准
初滤失量/（m³/m²）	2.89×10^-3	8.70×10^-3	6.22×10^-3	≤5.0×10^-2
滤失系数/（m/min^1/2）	4.88×10^-4	5.16×10^-4	6.71×10^-4	≤1.0×10^-3

温度/℃	氧化剂质量分数/%	破胶时间/h	破胶液黏度/（mPa·s）
40	0.15	28.25	3.03
	0.40	11.77	2.23
	0.60	6.50	3.42
	0.80	4.08	2.57
	1.00	3.10	3.65
60	0.20	2.60	2.37
	0.40	2.33	2.91
	0.60	1.00	3.01
	0.80	0.85	2.87
90	0.05	1.50	3.42
	0.10	0.60	2.98
	0.20	0.55	3.43
	0.30	0.50	2.67
	0.40	0.35	2.69

压裂液类型	破胶剂质量分数/%	破胶时间/h	残渣含量/（mg/L）
有机锆冻胶压裂液	0.20	1.5	0
瓜胶压裂液	0.20	2.0	800

压裂液类型	原始渗透率/μm²	恢复渗透率/μm²	岩心伤害率/ %
有机锆冻胶压裂液	6.39×10^-3	5.067×10^-3	20.70
瓜胶压裂液	7.07×10^-3	4.91 ×10^-3	30.59

破胶液与地层水体积比	高矿化度地层水	低矿化度地层水
2∶1	无沉淀、无絮凝，配伍性较好	无沉淀、无絮凝，配伍性较好
1∶1	无沉淀、无絮凝，配伍性较好	无沉淀、无絮凝，配伍性较好
1∶2	无沉淀、无絮凝，配伍性较好	无沉淀、无絮凝，配伍性较好