Abstract:

In this study, we evaluated encapsulation efficiency, particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index（PDI）as key indicators. We combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）with the Entropy Weight Method（EWM）to assign scientific weights to these indicators. Based on response surface methodology, we optimized the liposome preparation process and characterized the liposome morphology using transmission electron microscopy（TEM）and other techniques. Experimental verification identified the optimal liposome preparation conditions: a hydration time of 45 minutes, a lecithin-to-bavachin mass ratio of 8∶1, a hydration temperature of 45 ℃, and a lecithin-to-cholesterol mass ratio of 4∶1. Under these conditions, the liposome particle size is（177.52±5.22）nm, the PDI is 0.36±0.05, and the Zeta potential is（-45.60±3.68）mV, indicating uniform particle size distribution, good stability, and appropriate surface charge. We used UVA-irradiated human skin fibroblasts（HSF）to establish a photoaging cell model and evaluated cell viability through CCK-8 testing. We also analyzed photoaging damage and drug intervention effects by detecting reactive oxygen species（ROS）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, and catalase（CAT）. Results show that a UVA radiation dose of 5 J/cm² effectively induces cellular photoaging. Bakuchiol liposomes（Bak-lip）exhibit no significant toxicity at the concentrations of 0 - 10 μg/mL and significantly reduce intracellular ROS levels in photoaged cells while enhancing SOD and CAT activities, with the most significant effects at 5 μg/mL（p<0.05）. Compared to free bakuchiol, Bak-lip improves the water solubility of bakuchiol due to its bilayer liposome structure. This structure effectively encapsulates the hydrophobic bakuchiol and protects it from activity loss caused by environmental factors, enabling more stable antioxidant function.

Key words: bakuchiol, liposomes, photoaging, AHP, EWM