当期目录

2016年, 第46卷, 第10期　刊出日期：2016-10-22 上一期    下一期

基础研究

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添加盐对Gemini阳离子表面活性剂溶液的影响 Effect of addition of salt on solution of Gemini cationic surfactant 陈肖肖,郭严,韩传红,张军红,周士岩,魏西莲 2016 (10):  549-554.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.001 摘要 ( 324 )   PDF(1986KB) ( 405 )   通过流变学方法研究了水杨酸钠(NaSal)对Gemini阳离子表面活性剂2-羟亚丙基-1,3-双(二甲基十二烷基氯化铵)(以12-3(OH)-12(2Cl)表示)水溶液黏弹性能的影响。结果发现,无机盐诱导12-3(OH)-12(2Cl)产生盐析作用,而NaSal可促使胶束生长;在固定n(NaSal)/n(12-3(OH)-12(2Cl))=0.6,12-3(OH)-12(2Cl)质量摩尔浓度较低时,溶液的黏度很小;随12-3(OH)-12(2Cl)质量摩尔浓度增加,溶液黏度明显增大并显示Maxwell流体行为;溶液的零剪切黏度(η0)随12-3(OH)-12(2Cl)质量摩尔浓度增加有一个最大值出现,是因为体系中12-3(OH)-12(2Cl)的阳离子和水杨酸根(Sal-)反离子形成的氢键使棒状胶束之间相互连接,导致网络结构形成;测定的晶体结构验证了分子间氢键的形成。 Effect of addition of sodium salicylate (NaSal) on viscoelastic performance of aqueous solution of Gemini cationic surfactant 2-hydroxy propylidene-1,3-bis(dimethyldodecylammonium chloride) (hereinafter refer to as 12-3(OH)-12(2Cl)) was studied with rheological measurement.Results showed that the addition of an inorganic salt induces salting out of the 12-3(OH)-12(2Cl),while NaSal promotes micellar growth.At a fixed NaSal-to-surfactant molar ratio of 0.6,viscosity of the solution is very small at a rather low concentration of 12-3(OH)-12(2Cl).Upon increasing the concentration,viscosity of the solution rises conspicuously and shows Maxwell fluid behavior.Following the increase of concentration of 12-3(OH)-12(2Cl),a maximum value of zero-shear viscosity (η0) appears.These trends can be attributed to the formation of a network structure between the cationic ions of 12-3(OH)-12(2Cl) and Sal- counter ion as the 12-3(OH)-12(2Cl) concentration increases.Crystal analysis further confirms the presence of structures linked by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

科技讲座

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氟表面活性剂和氟聚合物(Ⅹ) ——氟涂料 Fluorinated surfactants and fluoropolymers (Ⅹ) Fluorinated coating 窦增培,何学昌,邢航,肖进新 2016 (10):  555-560.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.002 摘要 ( 371 )   PDF(727KB) ( 494 )   氟涂料是含氟化学品的重要应用领域之一。介绍了氟涂料的性能特点、发展历程、类型、制备方式和应用领域,分析了国内氟涂料市场现状、发展趋势和研究热点,并对我国在该领域的发展前景进行了展望。 Fluorinated coating is one of most important applications of fluorine containing chemicals.Characteristic performance,development course,classification,preparation and application of the fluorinated coatings were introduced.The current market situation,trend of development and focus of research work for the fluorinated coatings were discussed.Finally,the outlook for the development in China was presented. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

开发与应用

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硫酸化妥尔油表面活性剂的合成及其泡沫性能研究 Preparation and foaming performance of sulfated tall oil surfactant 任龙芳,孙燕情,雷森 2016 (10):  561-564.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.003 摘要 ( 325 )   PDF(818KB) ( 325 )   以妥尔油和浓硫酸为原料制备硫酸化妥尔油表面活性剂。通过单因素试验考察了反应时间、反应温度、反应转速和浓硫酸与妥尔油摩尔比对硫酸化妥尔油表面活性剂泡沫性能的影响,并探讨了不同碱中和剂对其泡沫性能和表面张力的影响。结果表明,硫酸化妥尔油的较佳合成条件为:反应时间6 h,反应温度40 ℃,反应转速600 r/min,浓硫酸与妥尔油摩尔比为1∶5;采用N-甲基二乙醇胺中和所得硫酸化妥尔油表面活性剂的起泡性和稳泡性较佳,发泡体积为350 mL,半衰期为27 min;不同碱中和后所得表面活性剂的表面张力均在28~33 mN/m之间;将较佳条件下制备的硫酸化妥尔油表面活性剂经N-甲基二乙醇胺中和后与硬脂酸铵进行复配,当m(硬脂酸铵)∶m(硫酸化妥尔油)=3∶2时,发泡体积达到550 mL,半衰期为35 min。 Sulfated tall oil surfactant was prepared with tall oil and concentrate sulfuric acid as starting materials.The influences of reaction time,temperature,stirring rotation speed and molar ratio of sulfuric acid to tall oil on the foaming performance of the surfactant were investigated via single-factor experiments.Results showed that the recommended conditions are:reaction time,6 h;reaction temperature,40 ℃;reaction stirring rotation speed,600 r/min;and molar ratio of sulfuric acid to tall oil,1∶5.Meanwhile,different kinds of neutralizing agent were tested for making the surfactant product and results showed that surface tension of all the surfactant products achieves 28-33 mN/m,but that neutralized with N-methyldiethanolamine displays the best foaming power of 350 mL and best foam stability of 27 min half-life period.Blend of such surfactant product with ammonium stearate at a mass ratio of 2∶3,the foaming power achieves 550 mL foam stability of 35 min half-life period. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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两种驱油用两亲聚合物复配对其乳化性能的影响 Influence of blending effect of two kinds of amphiphilic polymer for oil displacement on their emulsification performance 于斌,康万利,范海明,杨润梅,耿杰 2016 (10):  565-570.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.004 摘要 ( 243 )   PDF(4092KB) ( 419 )   利用稳定性分析仪和光学显微镜研究了B型和海博Ⅲ型2种驱油用两亲聚合物复配对其乳状液稳定性和乳化效果的影响;采用流变仪、界面张力仪和电位分析仪研究了该2种驱油用两亲聚合物及其复配体系的流变性能和界面特性。结果表明:2种驱油用两亲聚合物及其复配体系均能形成O/W型乳状液,随着B型两亲聚合物复配量的增加,复配体系乳状液粒径介于2种两亲聚合物单独形成的乳状液粒径之间,且逐渐减小,分布变窄;其外相体系的黏度、油/水界面张力和Zeta电位的绝对值均呈现先降低后升高的趋势;综合作用下,复配体系乳状液液滴的迁移速率降低,絮凝、聚并程度先升高后降低;相比于2种驱油用两亲聚合物单独使用时,复配体系乳状液的稳定性呈现先降低后升高的趋势,并最终将其超越。 Influence of blending effect of two kinds of amphiphilic polymer,B-type and Haibo Ⅲ-type,for oil displacement on their emulsion stability and emulsifying power was studied with stability analyzer and optical microscope.With mobilometer,interface tensiometer and Zeta potential analyzer,rheological performance and interfacial characteristics of the two kinds of amphiphilic polymer as well as their blend systems were studied.Results showed that both separate kinds of amphiphilic polymer for oil displacement and their blend systems can form O/W emulsions.With the increase of B-type amphiphilic polymers,the size of droplets of the blend system emulsion lie between that of two kinds of amphiphilic polymer emulsions,and the size of the emulsion droplets decreases and the distribution become narrow.At the same time,the viscosities of external phases,oil-water interfacial tensions and the absolute values of Zeta potentials of different blend systems increase firstly and then decrease.Under comprehensive functions,the migration rate of droplets of the blend system emulsions decrease and the degrees of flocculation and coalescence increase firstly and then decrease.Comparing with the emulsions prepared by two kinds of amphiphilic polymers,stability of the emulsions prepared by their blend systems reduce firstly,and then increase to the highest value. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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Gemini双季铵盐表面活性剂与SDBS和SDS的复配行为 Synergistic effect of bis-quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant blended separately with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecane sulfonate 杨晶晶,吴文英,魏文珑,常宏宏 2016 (10):  571-575.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.005 摘要 ( 305 )   PDF(727KB) ( 317 )   采用荧光分光光度法和Zeta电位法考察了系列Gemini双季铵盐表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)的复配效果。结果表明,Gemini双季铵盐表面活性剂疏水链和连接基越长,cmc越小,且疏水链长度对表面活性剂性能的影响较大;Gemini双季铵盐表面活性剂的加入可显著提高阴离子表面活性剂SDBS和SDS的表面活性,当Gemini双季铵盐表面活性剂与SDBS或SDS的摩尔比为3∶7时,复配体系的cmc最小,且与SDS复配体系的性能优于与SDBS的复配体系。 Synergistic effect of bis-quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant blended separately with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecane sulfonate (SDS) were investigated by fluorospectrophotometry and Zeta potential method.Results showed that the longer the hydrophobic chains and the space group of the bis-quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant,the lower the cmc value;while length of the hydrophobic chain displays bigger effect on performance of the surfactant.Addition of bis-quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant can significantly increase the surface activity of anionic surfactants such as SDBS and SDS.When molar ratio of the bis-quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant to SDBS (SDS) is 3∶7,cmc of the blended surfactant achieves the least.Synergistic effect of the bis-quaternary ammonium salt Gemini surfactant with SDS is better than that with SDBS. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵在抗抑菌洗衣液中的应用 Application of dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride in bacteriostatic laundry detergent 刘心建,王泽云,贾彦瑜,景素琴,刘晓,段慰波 2016 (10):  576-579.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.006 摘要 ( 1006 )   PDF(686KB) ( 424 )   将十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)应用于洗衣液配方制备抗抑菌洗衣液,参照行业相关标准与市售抗抑菌洗衣液对比,全面考察了1227对产品感官和理化指标、去污力以及泡沫性能等的影响;重点考察了复配1227自制抗抑菌洗衣液的抗抑菌性能及其对人体皮肤的刺激性。结果表明,在去阴离子表面活性剂配方体系中,1227同其他表面活性剂的配伍性良好,产品的各项指标均能达到标准要求;复配1227自制抗抑菌洗衣液泡沫低,更易漂洗;复配1227质量分数为2%的自制抗抑菌洗衣液,其质量分数为1%的水溶液对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作用20 min的抗抑菌率均达到100%,具有较强的抗抑菌作用,远优于市售抗抑菌洗衣液对2菌种的抗抑菌效果,而且还具有较长时效的抗抑菌能力;复配1227质量分数为2%的自制抗抑菌洗衣液对人体皮肤无明显刺激作用。 Bacteriostatic laundry detergent was prepared with application of dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (1227) in its formulation.In accordance with relevant standards applied in Chinese detergent industry,the effect of 1227 on sensory and physiochemical quality indices,detergency and foaming performance of laundry detergent was comprehensively investigated,and antimicrobial performance as well as skin irritation of laundry detergent formulated with 1227 was emphatically examined and compared with that of market product with similar functions.Results indicated that,in systems of non-anionic surfactant formulations,the compatibility of 1227 with other surfactants is good and all indices of the self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent can meet requirements specified in relevant standards.The foaming power of the self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent is lower and easier to rinse than bacteriostatic laundry detergent product in market.Using aqueous solution of 1% mass fraction of self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent containing 2% of 1227 the antibacterial rate for 20 min on both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus separately reaches 100%,which is much better than that of the bacteriostatic laundry detergent product from market.The action effectiveness of the self-prepared bacteriostatic laundry detergent can be maintained for a longer time period and shows no obvious irritation effect to human skin. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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利用表面活性剂合成含丰富介孔的EU-1分子筛 Preparation of mesoporous zeolite EU-1 with assistance of surfactants 李晓峰,孙晓涛,张燕挺,刘晓臻,任鹏超,窦涛 2016 (10):  580-584.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.007 摘要 ( 318 )   PDF(2397KB) ( 325 )   利用十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、JH聚羧酸高性能减水剂JH-01和JH-03等表面活性剂合成EU-1分子筛,并考察了不同表面活性剂对合成EU-1分子筛的影响。通过XRD,SEM,NH3-TPD和N2吸附-脱附等表征手段对合成样品进行物性表征及对其二甲苯异构化的催化性能进行评价。结果表明,添加这4种表面活性剂能够成功合成结晶度较高的EUO拓扑结构分子筛;与原样比较,其总比表面积、总孔体积、介孔表面积和介孔体积均明显增大。添加十二烷基苯磺酸钠表面活性剂的样品,其介孔体积最多可增加20.2%,极大降低了反应扩散限制,其二甲苯异构化活性从23.34%增大到23.62%,从而提高了EU-1分子筛的反应活性。 Surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate,hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide,JH polycarboxylate water reducer JH-01 and JH-03 were used separately to prepare zeolite EU-1.Effect of different surfactant on the preparation of zeolite EU-1 was studied.The zeolite EU-1 was characterized by XRD,SEM,NH3-TPD and N2 adsorption-desorption.The catalytic performance evaluation of xylene isomerization of zeolite EU-1 samples was carried out.The results showed that zeolite of EUO topological molecular structure with higher degree of crystallinity can be prepared by adding the above-mentioned four kinds of surfactant,and as comparing with the original sample,the total specific surface area,the total pore volume,the mesoporous surface area and the mesoporous volume were increased significantly.Mesoporous volume of the sample that prepared with addition of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate increases by up to 20.2% and the reaction diffusion constraints is obviously reduced.The isomerization activity of xylene by the use of zeolite EU-1 increases from 23.34% to 23.62%.This result reflects that the reaction activity of zeolite EU-1 is improved effectively by the use of the surfactant. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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TiO2纳米颗粒稳定的Pickering乳液用作防晒乳成分研究 Pickering emulsions stabilized by TiO2 nanoparticles for sunscreen formulation 白瑞雪,豆荣昆,薛龙辉,孟世昕,谢春燕,郭婷,孟涛 2016 (10):  585-590.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.008 摘要 ( 325 )   PDF(6012KB) ( 412 )   采用烷基化改性的TiO2纳米颗粒为稳定剂,化妆品级白油为油相,黄芪水溶液为水相,制备了一种载药Pickering乳液。利用TEM、接触角测试仪和光学显微镜对TiO2纳米颗粒及载药Pickering乳液进行了表征。结果表明,该纳米颗粒分散性良好、尺寸均匀,具备良好的稳定乳液能力;通过紫外吸收测试,控制释放药物和清洗对照实验,表明该载药Pickering乳液具有较高的防晒效果和随光照时间控制释放药物以及易于从皮肤表面清洗的特性。 Medicament-loaded Pickering emulsion was prepared with alkylation modified TiO2 nanoparticles as stabilizer,cosmetic grade white oil as oil phase and Astragalus polysaccharides aqueous solution as water phase.Characterization of the TiO2 nanoparticles and the medicament-loaded Pickering emulsion were carried out by transmission electron microscope (TEM),contact angle instrument and optical microscope.Results showed the TiO2 nanoparticles display good dispersity,uniform particle size and favorable stabilizing capacity for the emulsions.Results obtained via UV absorbance test,medicament release effect measurement and water rinse experiment indicated that the medicament-loaded Pickering emulsion shows higher sun-screening efficacy,as well as features for controlled medicament release activity according to irradiation time and easy-water rinsing from human skin. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

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十一碳烯酰基苯丙氨酸的合成及其抑制酪氨酸酶二酚酶活性的研究 Synthesis and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase diphenolase activity of N-undecenoyl-L-phenylalanine 徐凯,许虎君 2016 (10):  591-595.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.009 摘要 ( 404 )   PDF(772KB) ( 410 )   以十一烯酸和苯丙氨酸为原料,使用氯化亚砜将十一烯酸酰氯化,采用肖顿-鲍曼法(Schotten-Baumann)缩合反应合成了十一碳烯酰基苯丙氨酸钠,再经酸化分离后得到了十一碳烯酰基苯丙氨酸。利用IR,MS和1H NMR对合成产物的结构进行了表征,同时考察了十一碳烯酰基苯丙氨酸对酪氨酸酶二酚酶活性抑制的机制。结果表明,十一碳烯酰基苯丙氨酸对酪氨酸酶二酚酶活性的抑制作用为竞争性可逆抑制,其半抑制浓度为3.711 g/L,抑制常数(Ki)为3.651 g/L。 Undecylenic acid and L-phenylalanine were used as main materials to prepare N-undecenoyl-L-phenylalanine.The undecylenic acid was acyl-chlorinated with thionyl chloride via Schotten-Baumann reaction,followed by acidification;then the target product,N-undecenoyl-L-phenylalanine was obtained.The product was characterized by IR,MS and 1H NMR.Meanwhile,the mechanism for inhibitory effect on tyrosinase diphenolase activity of N-undecenoyl-L-phenylalanine was investigated.Results showed that the inhibitory effect on tyrosinase diphenolase activity of N-undecenoyl-L-phenylalanine is competitive and reversible inhibition.Its 50% effective inhibitory concentration is 3.711 g/L,and its inhibition constant (Ki) is 3.651 g/L. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

专论与综述

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Gemini表面活性剂与疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的相互作用研究进展 Progress in research work field with respect to interaction between Gemini surfactants and hydrophobic associated water soluble polymers 梅平,郑慧玲,陈武,杨宇雷,程立,张鹏 2016 (10):  596-604.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.010 摘要 ( 261 )   PDF(956KB) ( 690 )   简述了Gemini表面活性剂的分类和特性,疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的结构、合成方法和特性;重点综述了Gemini表面活性剂和疏水缔合水溶性聚合物相互作用的研究进展,包括复配体系的表面活性、油/水界面性能、界面膜流变性能、流变性能、微观聚集体和相互作用的热力学等;同时对复配体系在一些领域的应用和研究趋势进行了展望。 Classification and features of Gemini surfactants,as well as the structure,synthesis and characteristics of hydrophobic associated water soluble polymer (HAWSP) were briefed.Progress in research work field with respect to interaction between Gemini surfactants and HAWSP were reviewed emphatically,including the surface activity,oil-water interface performance,rheological performance of interfacial layer,rheological performance,micro aggregates and their thermodynamics,etc.of the blend systems.Moreover,the applications of such blends in some fields and the trend of research work were prospected. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标

分析与检测

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HPLC法测定化妆品中的11种防晒剂 Simultaneous determination of 11 kinds of sun-screening agent in cosmetics by HPLC 刘昕,贡辉 2016 (10):  605-608.  doi: 10.13218/j.cnki.csdc.2016.10.011 摘要 ( 252 )   PDF(718KB) ( 514 )   对2015年版《化妆品安全技术规范》中防晒剂的检测方法进行改进,避免使用四氢呋喃和高氯酸,建立了以Waters Symmetry Shield RP18为分离柱,甲醇与水为流动相梯度洗脱的液相色谱方法用于测定化妆品中11种防晒剂。结果显示,在一定的质量浓度范围内,11种防晒剂的峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,方法定量限为0.5~1.25 mg/L,回收率为98.0%~100.6%。 Method for determination of sun-screening agent specified in Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition) was improved for avoiding the use of tetrahydrofuran and perchloric acid.The new method was established with Waters Symmetry Shield RP18 as chromatographic column,using methanol and water as mobile phase for gradient elution.All results showed good linear relationship in certain mass concentration range;the limit of quantification is within 0.5~1.25 mg/L;the spiked recoveries are within 98.0%~100.6%. 参考文献 | 相关文章 | 计量指标