一种中药生发液的毛囊刺激性及防脱生发功效探究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

观察同一中药生发液在7种不同提取方式下对毛乳头细胞、角质形成细胞及离体毛囊的影响作用，探究何种提取方式具有促毛发生长作用的同时对细胞的毒性损害较小。利用MTT法检测7种提取液对毛乳头细胞和角质形成细胞的毒性及增殖作用。选择增殖实验中72 h时间点细胞活力提升效果较好的3种提取液进行离体毛囊实验，观察毛囊毛干的增长及毛囊生长周期的变化。最后通过液相色谱-质谱联用技术构建中药组方的指纹图谱，并鉴定主要的化学成分。结果显示7味药水提醇沉，3味药醇提再加上15 μL挥发油的提取方式（G提取液）对离体毛囊毛干的增长具有显著的促进作用，对毛囊的生长周期具有调节作用，可延长毛囊的生长期、减缓退行期以达到防脱生发的功效。

关键词: 脱发, 中药组合物, 中药提取, 离体毛囊

Abstract:

This study observed the effects of the same Traditional Chinese Medicine combination on hair papilla cells, keratinocytes, and isolated hair follicles under 7 different extraction methods, and explored which extraction method promotes the effect of promoting hair growth while causing less toxic damage to cells. The MTT assay was used to detect the toxicity and proliferative effects of the seven extraction solutions on dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes. Three extraction solutions with better cell viability enhancement effects at the 72-hour time point in the proliferation experiment were selected for hair follicle culture in vitro, and the growth of hair follicles and changes in hair follicle growth cycle were observed. Finally, the fingerprint spectrum of the Traditional Chinese Medicine formula was constructed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the main chemical components were identified. The results show that the extraction method for 7 medicinal herbs with alcohol precipitation, and 3 medicinal herbs with alcohol extraction combined with 15 μL of volatile oil （G extraction solution） has a significant promoting effect on the growth of hair follicles in vitro. It also has a regulatory effect on the growth cycle of hair follicles by prolonging the growth period and slowing the degeneration period, thereby achieving hair growth.

Key words: hair loss, Traditional Chinese Medicine combination, Traditional Chinese Medicine extraction, in vitro hair follicle

中图分类号:

TQ658

邹枫, 张荣, 陆颖珊, 吴汶丰, 梁家芬, 李红毅. 一种中药生发液的毛囊刺激性及防脱生发功效探究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(4): 487-496.

Feng Zou, Rong Zhang, Yingshan Lu, Wenfeng Wu, Jiafen Liang, Hongyi Li. Exploration of hair follicle irritation and hair growth efficacy of a Traditional Chinese Medicine hair growth solution[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(4): 487-496.

图/表 16

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表2

中药生发液中化学成分分析表"

序号	名称	分子式	分子量	保留时间/min	峰面积	相对含量/%
1	藁本内酯	C₁₂H₁₄O₂	190.099	36.677	61 912 057 086	12.379
2	洋川芎内酯A	C₁₂H₁₆O₂	192.115	33.824	35 688 660 679	7.136
3	甘草酸	C₄₂H₆₂O₁₆	822.403	29.882	27 738 034 433	5.546
4	蔗糖	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁	342.116	1.603	18 405 967 343	3.680
5	羟基红花黄色素A	C₂₇H₃₂O₁₆	612.169	18.731	12 970 665 942	2.594
6	隐丹参酮	C₁₉H₂₀O₃	296.141	40.205	12 844 952 888	2.568
7	桑黄酮	C₂₅H₂₆O₆	422.173	41.31	12 638 270 869	2.527
8	芒柄花苷	C₂₂H₂₂O₉	430.126	23.896	11 419 838 962	2.283
9	羽扇烯酮	C₃₀H₄₈O	424.370	27.519	11 012 604 504	2.202
10	甘草苷	C₂₁H₂₂O₉	418.126	21.626	10 346 029 688	2.069
11	人参皂苷Rg1	C₄₂H₇₂O₁₄	846.497	23.626	10 269 873 809	2.053
12	甘草酸二铵	C₄₂H₆₂O₁₆	822.403	30.944	9 761 792 368	1.952
13	丹参酮ⅡA	C₁₉H₁₈O₃	294.125	43.973	9 650 515 552	1.930
14	淫羊藿素	C₂₁H₂₀O₆	368.126	33.174	9 383 777 238	1.876
15	七叶胆苷XVII	C₄₈H₈₂O₁₈	992.555	29.56	9 307 006 997	1.861
16	金丝桃苷	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₂	464.095	21.66	9 176 996 032	1.835
17	正丁基苯酞	C₁₂H₁₄O₂	190.099	34.365	8 998 686 183	1.799
18	脯氨酸	C₅H₉NO₂	115.063	1.594	8 900 531 497	1.780
19	欧当归内酯	C₂₄H₂₈O₄	380.199	43.888	8 580 146 054	1.716
20	甘草苷元-7-O-β-D-芹糖-4’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷	C₂₆H₃₀O₁₃	550.168	21.434	8 070 776 939	1.614
21	隐绿原酸	C₁₆H₁₈O₉	354.095	18.961	7 950 406 048	1.590
22	柠檬酸	C₆H₈O₇	192.027	3.487	7 364 280 920	1.473
23	丁烯基苯酞	C₁₂H₁₂O₂	188.084	36.891	7 068 283 802	1.413
24	毛蕊异黄酮苷	C₂₂H₂₂O₁₀	446.121	21.371	7 039 378 440	1.408
25	异甘草素	C₁₅H₁₂O₄	256.073	21.626	6 943 229 372	1.388
26	亚麻酸	C₁₈H₃₀O₂	278.225	40.333	6 306 272 135	1.261
27	毛蕊异黄酮	C₁₆H₁₂O₅	284.068	25.551	5 442 090 599	1.088
28	丹酚酸A	C₂₆H₂₂O₁₀	494.121	23.223	5 343 184 586	1.068
29	甘草素	C₁₅H₁₂O₄	256.073	25.133	5 217 394 035	1.043
30	棕矢车菊素	C₁₇H₁₄O₇	330.074	32.866	5 035 559 639	1.007

表2

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