鲟鱼子酱提取物中DHA快速测定及功效相关性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立一种直接测定鲟鱼子酱提取物中顺式-4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的反相高效液相色谱法。采用正己烷萃取结合梯度洗脱（ZORBAX SB-C₁₈柱），二极管阵列检测器采集数据，外标法计算含量，通过与国标方法（GB 5009.168－2016）对比验证准确性，测定不同DHA含量组的DPPH自由基清除率和保湿率。结果表明，本方法线性良好（r=0.999 7），回收率为92.1%~101.1%，RSD为2.23%~3.92%，与国标法测试结果相对偏差为0.67%~1.68%。在特定的测试浓度下，DHA高含量组保湿率、吸湿率及DPPH清除率分别为100.48%，100.85%和57.46%，显著高于低含量组（10.33%，11.76%和3.71%）。该研究建立的RP-HPLC法简化了DHA检测流程，试剂简单，结果可靠，适用于鱼子酱提取物质量控制中指标性成分的快速定性鉴别及定量分析，通过DPPH实验揭示鲟鱼子酱提取物中DHA含量与抗氧化功效的关联性，为功效型化妆品开发提供科学依据。

关键词: 反相高效液相色谱, DHA, 鲟鱼子酱提取物, 保湿能力, 抗氧化活性, 方法确认

Abstract:

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method was developed for the direct determination of docosahexaenoic acid （DHA） in sturgeon caviar extract. The assay employed n-hexane extraction combined with gradient elution （ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column）, with data collected using a diode array detector. The content was calculated by external standard method and validated against the national standard （GB 5009.168－2016）. The study also measured DPPH free radical scavenging capacity and moisture retention rate across different DHA concentration groups. The results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits excellent linearity （r=0.999 7）, with recovery rates ranging from 92.1% to 101.1% and relative standard deviations （RSD） of 2.23% to 3.92%. Compared to the national standard method, the relative deviation was 0.67% to 1.68%. At specific test concentrations, the high-DHA group shows significantly higher moisture retention （100.48%）, hygroscopicity （100.85%）, and DPPH scavenging efficiency （57.46%） than the low-DHA group （10.33%, 11.76%, and 3.71%）. The RP-HPLC method developed in this study simplifies DHA detection procedures with simple reagents and reliable results, making it suitable for rapid qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of target components in caviar extract quality control. The DPPH experiment further reveals the correlation between DHA content and antioxidant efficacy in sturgeon caviar extracts, providing scientific evidence for developing functional cosmetics.

Key words: reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, DHA, sturgeon roe extract, moisturizing capacity, antioxidant activity, method validation

中图分类号:

TQ658

谭小玲,康嘉欣. 鲟鱼子酱提取物中DHA快速测定及功效相关性研究[J]. 日用化学工业（中英文）, 2026, 56(3): 347-353.

Xiaoling Tan,Jiaxin Kang. Rapid determination of DHA in sturgeon caviar extracts and its correlation with bioactive efficacy[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2026, 56(3): 347-353.

图/表 8

参考文献 18

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DHA mass concentration/ （mg/L）	0.268	2.68	13.4	26.8	32.16
y₁	56.879 07	241.196 35	887.129 58	1 663.453 98	2 002.436 16
y₂	54.563 25	260.198 39	891.702 09	1 667.554 57	2 004.830 93

Background mass fraction/(mg/kg)	Theoretical added mass fraction/(mg/kg)	Recovery interval/%	RSD/%
26.21	51.35	92.1-98.9	3.92
26.21	509.17	93.7-97.9	2.67
26.21	1 002.08	95.3-101.1	2.23

Sample ID	Mass fraction（standard method）/（mg/kg）	Mass fraction（self-developed method）/（mg/kg）	Absolute difference/ （mg/kg）	Average value/ （mg/kg）	Relative deviation/ %
Raw material 1	2 720	2 766	46	2 743	1.68
Raw material 2	5 710	5 672	38	5 691	0.67