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日用化学工业（中英文）

日用化学工业（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 162-169.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.02.004

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度影响下两性氟碳表面活性剂的性能研究

张宇强1,2,*(),贾旭宏1,2,朱新华1,3   

  1. 1.中国民用航空飞行学院 民航安全工程学院，四川 广汉 618307
    2.民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室，四川 广汉 618307
    3.四川省全电通航飞行器关键技术工程研究中心，四川 广汉 618307
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-20 修回日期:2025-01-22 出版日期:2025-02-22 发布日期:2025-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 张宇强
  • 基金资助:
    四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2022NSFSC0302);中国民用航空局安全能力建设项目(MHAQ2023030);中国民用航空飞行学院面上项目(J2022-091)

Study on the effect of temperature on the performance of zwitterionic fluorocarbon surfactants

Yuqiang Zhang1,2,*(),Xuhong Jia1,2,Xinhua Zhu1,3   

  1. 1. College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, Sichuan 618307, China
    2. Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Guanghan, Sichuan 618307, China
    3. Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-electric Navigable Aircraft, Guanghan, Sichuan 618307, China
  • Received:2024-09-20 Revised:2025-01-22 Online:2025-02-22 Published:2025-02-28
  • Contact: Yuqiang Zhang

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摘要：

基于三种接枝不同亲水基团的甜菜碱短链氟碳表面活性剂（C4F9SO2NH（CH2） 3N+（CH3） 2CH2COO-，C4-Ac；C4F9SO2NH（CH2） 3N+（CH3） 2CH2CH2SO3-，C4-sa；C4F9SO2NH（CH2） 3N+（CH3） 2CH2CH2PO（OH）O-，C4-pa），研究了不同温度（0~40 ℃）对表面活性剂的表面活性、铺展能力和发泡性能等各项理化性能参数的影响。结果表明，随着温度的提升，各氟碳表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度（cmc）略有增大，最低表面张力（γcmc）有所减小，其中C4-sa溶液的表面活性相对更优，其cmc可低至2.21 mmol/L，γcmc最低为16.28 mN/m。温度对各表面活性剂的铺展能力存在一定的影响，其趋势为先增大后趋于基本不变，且C4-sa的铺展能力最优，与表面张力大小趋势一致。发泡倍数随温度的升高而增大，直至20 ℃后增加不明显。低温时三种表面活性剂的发泡性能均有所欠缺，但温度略有升高时则性能有所提升，在相同温度下，C4-sa的发泡倍数最高可以达到6.9倍。总体结果表明，温度对甜菜碱短链氟碳表面活性剂的理化性能有一定的影响，低温下影响尤其显著，为该系列表面活性剂在不同温度环境下的应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 氟碳表面活性剂, 表面张力, 温度, 发泡性能, 铺展性能

Abstract:

The effects of temperature ranging from 0 to 40 ℃ on the physicochemical properties, including surface activity, spreading behavior, and foaming performance, of three betaine-type short-chain fluorocarbon surfactants with different hydrophilic groups, namely C4F9SO2NH（CH2） 3N+（CH3） 2CH2COO-（C4-Ac）, C4F9SO2NH（CH2） 3N+（CH3） 2CH2CH2SO3-（C4-sa） and C4F9SO2NH（CH2） 3N+（CH3） 2CH2CH2PO（OH）O-（C4-pa）, were investigated. The results indicated that, the critical micelle concentration （cmc） of fluorocarbon surfactants slightly increased with temperature, while the minimum surface tension （γcmc） decreased. Among the three, the C4-sa solution showed the best surface activity with the cmc of 2.21 mmol/L and γcmc of 16.28 mN/m. The spreading coefficients of the surfactants first increased with temperature, and then began to level off at 20 ℃. Notably, the C4-sa exhibited the highest spreading ability, which was consistent with the trend of surface tension. The foam expansion ratio increased with temperature, but the growth became insignificant after reaching 20 ℃. The foam properties of the three surfactants were all poor at low temperature but were significantly improved when the temperature was slightly increased. At the same temperature, the foam expansion ratio of C4-sa was the highest among the three, which could reach 6.9 at 20 ℃. In conclusion, temperature did have a certain influence on the physicochemical properties of betaine-type short-chain fluorocarbon surfactants, especially at low temperature. If applied in actual low temperature environment, formulation would be needed to improve the performance. This work could provide a theoretical basis for application of this series of surfactants at different ambient temperatures.

Key words: fluorocarbon surfactant, surface tension, temperature, foaming ability, spreading ability

中图分类号: 

  • TQ423