鼠李糖脂纳米乳液的构建及性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.11.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解决低渗透油藏开发中原油采收率低的问题,采用微乳液稀释法制备了具有纳米尺寸的鼠李糖脂乳液体系,研究了表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的质量比（K_m）、温度和无机盐对上述体系拟三元相图和纳米乳液粒径的影响规律,最后对纳米乳液的驱油效率进行了评价。结果表明,随着K_m的增加,单相微乳区面积先增加后减少;当K_m=3时,单相微乳区面积最大。随着温度的升高,单相微乳区面积先增加后减小;在323.15 K时,单相微乳区面积最大。相图中单相微乳区面积随着NaCl和CaCl₂质量浓度的增加而增加,无机盐的加入降低了鼠李糖脂的临界胶束浓度,因此能增加油相和水相的互溶程度。当水的质量分数小于80%时,鼠李糖脂/异丙醇/柠檬烯/水纳米乳液的粒径随放置时间增长略微增加,表现出良好的稳定性。并通过考察温度和无机盐对粒径的影响,发现上述纳米乳液体系具有较好的耐温性能和耐盐性能。驱替实验结果表明纳米乳液的注入明显降低了水驱注入压力,且采收率提高了17%以上,因此纳米乳液在低渗透油藏采收率提高方面应用前景广阔。

关键词: 纳米乳液, 鼠李糖脂, 提高采收率, 拟三元相图

Abstract:

To enhance the low oil production rate in low-permeability reservoir development, the nanoemulsion based on rhamnolipid was prepared by diluting the microemulsion. The effects of the mass ratio of surfactant to cosurfactant （K_m）, temperature, and inorganic salts on the pseudo-ternary phase diagram and the droplet diameter were studied. Finally, the oil displacement efficiency of the nanoemulsion was evaluated. The results show that the area of the monophase microemulsion zone is first increased and then decreased with the increase of K_m. The area of the monophase microemulsion zone reaches a maximum at K_m=3. With the increase of temperature, the area of the monophase microemulsion zone is also first increased and then decreased. The maximum area of the monophase microemulsion zone is observed at 323.15 K. The area of the monophase microemulsion zone is increased with the concentrations of NaCl and CaCl₂. The addition of inorganic salts has reduced the critical micelle concentration of rhamnolipid and thus increased the miscibility of oil and water phases. When the mass fraction of water is lower than 80%, the droplet diameter is slightly increased with the increase of the storage time. In addition, the nanoemulsion shows excellent temperature and salt resistance. Core displacement experiment shows that nanoemulsion flooding can decrease the injection pressure of water flooding and can improve the recovery by 17%. Therefore, the nanoemulsion has the potential in enhancing oil recovery of low-permeability reservoirs.

Key words: nanoemulsion, rhamnolipid, enhanced oil recovery, pseudo-ternary phase diagram

中图分类号:

TQ423

张峙,胡徐彦,袁辉,李彦闯. 鼠李糖脂纳米乳液的构建及性能研究[J]. 日用化学工业, 2021, 51(11): 1067-1072.

Zhang Zhi,Hu Xuyan,Yuan Hui,Li Yanchuang. Preparation and performance evaluation of the nanoemulsion based on rhamnolipid[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2021, 51(11): 1067-1072.

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模拟岩芯	采收率/%			稳定压力/MPa
模拟岩芯	一次水驱	纳米乳液驱	总采收率	一次水驱	纳米乳液驱	二次水驱
1#	43.1	17.5	60.6	10.52	13.74	9.41
2#	48.4	18.3	66.7	8.57	10.62	7.04