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日用化学工业（中英文）

日用化学工业（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (10): 1318-1326.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2026.10.004

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

POSS基巨型-小分子复合表面活性剂纳米乳液的构建与性能

张荣1,2,郑力军1,2,王燕1,2,王骏1,2,胡家瑞3,4,杨旭3,4,*(),赵苹3,4,吕斌3,4,*()   

  1. 1 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室， 陕西 西安 710018
    2 长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院， 陕西 西安 710018
    3 陕西科技大学 轻工科学与工程学院， 陕西 西安 710021
    4 西安市绿色化学品与功能材料重点实验室， 陕西 西安 710021
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-24 修回日期:2026-09-21 出版日期:2026-10-22 发布日期:2026-10-30
  • 基金资助:
    油气重大专项(2025ZD1405400);中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田分公司科技项目《致密油水驱流场智能调控关键技术研究》(26CQYTSG049-03);低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室开放基金课题《高压注水油藏微乳液调驱剂的研发》(KFKT2023-23)

Preparation and properties of the nanoemulsions stabilized by ternary surfactant mixtures of a POSS-based giant surfactant and two small-molecule surfactants

Rong Zhang1,2,Lijun Zheng1,2,Yan Wang1,2,Jun Wang1,2,Jiarui Hu3,4,Xu Yang3,4,*(),Ping Zhao3,4,Bin Lv3,4,*()   

  1. 1 The Low Permeability Oil and Gas Field Exploration and Development National Engineering Laboratory, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710018, China
    2 Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute, Changqing Oilfield Branch Company, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710018, China
    3 College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710021, China
    4 Xi’an Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710021, China
  • Received:2025-12-24 Revised:2026-09-21 Online:2026-10-22 Published:2026-10-30
  • Contact: E-mail: 527862819@qq.com（Xu Yang）;xianyanglvbin@163.com（Bin Lv）

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摘要：

纳米乳液的性能高度依赖表面活性剂的分子结构与界面行为，其高比表面积、优异稳定性与渗透性为胶体体系提供了关键优势，广泛应用于药物靶向递送、油田驱油及特种涂层等领域。该研究合成了磺酸基功能化的笼型倍半硅氧烷巨型表面活性剂（7Tau-POSS-C8），将其与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（JFC）和异构十三醇醚（TO-4070）混合作为主表面活性剂，甲醇为助表面活性剂，柠檬烯作为油相，制备纳米乳液。通过构建伪三元相图并系统优化纳米乳液区域，考察主表面活性剂的种类与配比对纳米乳液形成能力的影响。实验结果表明，当7Tau-POSS-C8、JFC和TO-4070的质量比为1:2:2时，纳米乳液区域面积最大，为28.03%。所得纳米乳液具有较小的粒径（小于200 nm）、良好的单分散性及较低的界面张力（0.07 mN/m）。流变性能测试显示，7Tau-POSS-C8的引入能有效抑制纳米乳液在高剪切条件下的黏度增长，提升体系的剪切稳定性。洗油应用实验进一步表明，该纳米乳液洗油率可达90.48%，显著优于单一小分子表面活性剂体系。研究通过微观形貌、表面张力及界面行为等表征，揭示了7Tau-POSS-C8与小分子表面活性剂协同提升纳米乳液形成能力、界面活性和应用性能的关键作用。该研究为基于巨型表面活性剂的高性能纳米乳液构建提供了理论依据与实践参考。

关键词: 巨型表面活性剂, 纳米乳液, 伪三元相图, 界面性能

Abstract:

The performance of nanoemulsions is highly dependent on the molecular structure and interfacial behavior of the surfactants. Their large specific surface area, excellent stability, and high permeability offer key advantages for colloidal systems, making them widely applicable in the fields of targeted drug delivery, enhanced oil recovery, and functional coatings. In this work, a sulfonic acid-functionalized cage-like silsesquioxane giant surfactant （7Tau-POSS-C8） was synthesized, and then it was blended with fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether （JFC） and isotridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether （TO-4070） to form ternary surfactant mixtures with different mass ratios. These ternary surfactant mixtures were used to prepare nanoemulsions in which methanol was employed as the co-surfactant and limonene as the oil phase. The influences of the type and proportion of the surfactant mixtures on the nanoemulsion formation were systematically studied by constructing and optimizing pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. The experimental results showed that the area of nanoemulsion region reached the maximum （28.03%） when the mass ratio of 7Tau-POSS-C8 to JFC to TO-4070 was 1:2:2. The nanoemulsion thus obtained exhibited small droplet size （< 200 nm）, good monodispersity, and low interfacial tension （0.07 mN/m）. Rheological experiments demonstrated that the presence of 7Tau-POSS-C8 effectively suppressed the viscosity rise during high-rate shearing, thereby enhancing the shear stability of the system. The oil-sand washing experiments showed that the nanoemulsion achieved high oil removal efficiency of 90.48%, which was significantly superior to those systems stabilized by single small-molecule surfactants. According to the results of microscopic morphology, surface tension, and interfacial behavior, this work elucidated the key synergistic roles of 7Tau-POSS-C8 with small-molecule surfactants in improving the emulsifying ability, interfacial activity, and application performance of nanoemulsions. This work could provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for the design of high-performance nanoemulsions based on giant surfactants.

Key words: giant surfactant, nanoemulsion, pseudo-ternary phase diagram, interfacial property

中图分类号: 

  • TQ423