窄分布脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的合成研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在KOH和窄分布专用均相催化剂作用下,分别合成了2种不同平均EO加合度的AEO。根据合成过程中EO的消耗量计算得到理论平均EO加合度,气相色谱法分析了产品组成分布,对常规及窄分布AEO的EO分布、平均EO加合度对分子量分布的影响等进行了研究。结果表明,窄分布AEO气相色谱图中C₁₂（EO）₇的峰面积很小,基本看不到C₁₄（EO）₇的峰;对于常规及窄分布AEO,AEO₂组分中游离脂肪醇质量分数低于AEO_1.85,EO加合度为1~4组分的总质量分数则高于AEO_1.85;窄分布AEO组分中游离脂肪醇和EO加合度大于4组分的质量分数明显低于常规AEO,而EO加合度为1~4组分的质量分数明显高于常规AEO,分子量分布呈泊松分布,表现出明显的窄分布特点。

关键词: 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚, 窄分布, EO加合度

Abstract:

KOH and a homogeneous catalyst were respectively used in the syntheses of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether （AEO） with two degrees of polymerization of ethylene oxide （EO）. The theoretical EO degrees was caculated with EO consumption. The product composition was analysed by gas chromatography. The EO distribution of these two kinds of AEO and effects of EO degrees on molecular weight distribution were studied. The results show that in the gas chromatogram of narrow-distribution AEO, the peak area of C₁₂（EO）₇ is very small and the chromatographic peak of C₁₄（EO）₇ is barely observable. As to conventional AEO and narrow-distribution AEO, the mass fraction of free fatty alcohol in AEO₂ is lower than in AEO_1.85, and the total mass fraction of components with EO degrees 1~4 is slightly higher in AEO₂ than in AEO_1.85. On the other hand, the mass fraction of free fatty alcohol and components with EO degrees above 4 are significantly lower in narrow-distribution AEO than in conventional AEO, while the mass fraction of components with EO degrees 1~4 are much higher in narrow-distribution AEO than in conventional AEO. The components of narrow-distribution AEO show Poisson distribution, indicative of an obvious characteristic of narrow distribution.

Key words: fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, narrow distribution, degree of polymerization of EO

中图分类号:

TQ423

田京城,孙永强,郭建国. 窄分布脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚的合成研究[J]. 日用化学工业, 2019, 49(3): 174-177.

Jing-cheng TIAN,Yong-qiang SUN,Jian-guo GUO. Synthesis of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with narrow distribution[J]. China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2019, 49(3): 174-177.

图/表 5

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组分	w/%
	AEO₂		AEO_1.85
	常规	窄分布	常规	窄分布
脂肪醇	36.84	24.25	38.07	25.39
C_12/14（EO）₁	22.16	17.91	21.33	18.78
C_12/14（EO）₂	17.11	22.22	16.01	22.13
C_12/14（EO）₃	10.95	19.56	10.72	18.62
C_12/14（EO）₄	6.18	10.61	6.53	10.03
C_12/14（EO）₅	3.45	3.76	3.69	3.52
C_12/14（EO）₆	1.74	0.95	2.04	0.88
C_12/14（EO）₇	0.67	0.17	0.89	0.18
合计	99.10	99.43	99.28	99.53