糖基双子阳离子表面活性剂的合成及其性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2019.06.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Three quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants based on glucose ester structure（7a, 7b and 7c）were prepared with glucose as one of the raw materials, in which the hydrophobic tails were all hexadecyl but the lengths of the methylene chains residing in the centre of the spacers were 4, 6 and 8 CH₂ units, respectively. The surface activity and aggregation properties of these three gemini surfactants were determined. The results show that these three surfactants have good surface activities, among which 7c has the best surface properties（cmc = 1.32×10 ^-5 mol/L, γ_cmc = 29.14 mN/m）. The length of the methylene chain in the spacer of a gemini surfactant has a great influence on the cmc, that is, the cmc is significantly decreased with the increase of the methylene chain length. Moreover, these surfactants can spontaneously form micelles or vesicles in water, which is mainly related to the length of the spacer. The longer the spacer is, the easier vesicles will be formed. The formation of micelles and vesicles also has a certain relationship with the concentration of the surfactant. The formation of vesicles will be facilitated at higher concentrations of surfactants.

Key words: sugar-based cationic gemini surfactant, surface tension, micelle, vesicle

CLC Number:

TQ423

CAI Kun-liang,CHENG Rong,GAN Chang-sheng. Synthesis and properties of sugar-based cationic gemini surfactants[J].China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2019, 49(6): 351-357.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 18

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表面活性剂	γ_cmc/ （mN·m^-1）	cmc/ （mol·L^-1）	pc₂₀	Г_max/ （μmol·m^-2）	A_min/ ?²	$ΔG^0_m$/ （KJ·mol^-1）	$ΔG^0_{ads}$/ （KJ·mol^-1）
7a	25.47	4.89×10^-5	5.36	1.60	103.75	-34.54	-62.99
7b	27.23	2.57×10^-5	5.07	1.43	115.98	-36.14	-67.45
7c	29.14	1.32×10^-5	4.90	1.28	129.49	-37.79	-71.27
中间体5	26.10	1.07×10^-4	4.30	1.56	106.48	-22.65	-52.07

Synthesis and properties of sugar-based cationic gemini surfactants

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