Fig. 1

Appearance of samples: （a） 5% ODO; （b） 5% RL"

Fig. 2

Effect of RL and ODO content on the droplet size of nanoemulsions: （a） 5% ODO; （b） 5% RL"

Fig. 3

Constituent of nanoemulsion region"

Fig. 4

Effects of temperature （a）, pH （b） and NaCl concentration （c） on the droplet size and sample appearance of nanoemulsions"

Fig. 5

Effects of temperature （a）, pH （b） and NaCl concentration （c） on Zeta potential of nanoemulsions"

Fig. 6

Appearance of samples of single oils emulsified by rhamnolipid （10.0% oil, 5.0% RL, 85.0% H2O after 24 h） （a）; Oil-water interfacial tension for different oils （b）"

Fig. 7

Effect of oil composition on the formation of nanoemulsions: appearance of samples （a）; hydrodynamic diameters of nanoemulsions （b）; oil-water interfacial tension （c）; interfacial tension between oil and aqueous rhamnolipid solution （d）"

Fig. 8

Effects of environmental factors （temperature （a and d）; pH （b and e）; salt concentration （c and f）） on the size distribution of nanoemulsions containing different squalene content"

Fig. 9

Rheological properties of gelatin and nanoemulsion gel with temperature （a）; water content change in nanoemulsion gels with time （b）; stress scanning of nanoemulsion gels （c）; oscillatory shear of nanoemulsion gels （d）. The nanoemulsions contain 5% ODO and 2.5% RL"

Fig. 10

Appearance of nanoemulsion gels"

Fig. 11

Effect of thymol on the properties of nanoemulsions and nanoemulsion gels: droplet size of nanoemulsions （a）; stress scanning of nanoemulsion gels （b）. The content of oil phase （ODO+thymol） of the samples is 10% and the content of RL is 5%"

Fig. 12

DPPH radical scavenging activity of nanoemulsions and nanoemulsion gels: UV/Vis spectra of DPPH in ethanol before and after incubated with TNE and TNE GEL （a）; effect of sample mass concentration （b）; variation of scavenging activity with time （c）; effect of squalane content （d）"