染料穿透试验结合损伤评分对洗涤和消毒产品皮肤腐蚀性的快速分类

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2021.07.009

Abstract

Abstract:

A combined method of in-vitro skin damage grading and dye penetration was established for rapid classification of skin corrosion of detergents and disinfectants. By constructing and investigating the surface of exposure time-observation time-skin reaction grade, the criteria base on the damage grading were determined. The dye extraction effect of the tested skin under different extraction conditions was compared, and the key condition of the dye penetration experiment was optimized. The utilizing of ultrasonic extraction shortens the experiment time and improves the efficiency of the experiment. The method is verified with 16 reference substances, and the results are well consistent （ Kappa=0.826, P=0.000）. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the corrosive judgment are 100%, 85.7% and 93.8%, respectively, and the accuracy of the corrosive classification is 87.5%. The method is convenient, rapid, efficient and low-cost, and conforms to 3Rs principle of animal research ethics. Thus, it is suitable for rapid classification of a large number of samples to enhance the safety management of chemicals and prevent the chemical accidents.

Key words: skin corrosion, rapid classification, in-vitro skin, dye penetration, damage grading

CLC Number:

TQ658

Pan Xuen,He Zhirong,Lu Zhangshun,Yang Guang,Zhong An,Huang Zhipeng. Rapid classification of skin corrosion of detergents and disinfectants: a combined method of dye penetration and damage grading[J].China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2021, 51(7): 639-647.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 19

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皮肤损伤程度	评分
无可见损伤	0
轻微的色斑或损伤（勉强可见）	1
易于确定的清晰色斑（红色、黄色）或损伤	2
中度至重度的色斑（浅褐色）或损伤（出现透明变性）	3
严重的色斑（暗褐色、黑色）或损伤（可从皮肤背面观察到损伤）	4

提取条件	阴性对照			阳性对照			提取效率
提取条件	提取量均值/μg	下限/μg （95%CI）	上限/μg （95%CI）	提取量均值/μg	下限/μg （95%CI）	上限/μg （95%CI）	提取效率
60℃静态提取过夜（16 h）	36.79	27.16	46.41	80.21	59.81	100.60	2.18
超声波提取9 min	34.87	23.93	45.82	77.55	53.78	101.32	2.22
超声波提取12 min	42.04	24.68	59.40	89.74	63.81	115.66	2.13
超声波提取15 min	51.63	27.08	76.18	107.30	73.70	140.90	2.07

GHS皮肤腐蚀类别	分类条件
1A	染药5 min,马上观察,受试皮肤出现明显的腐蚀损伤（评分≥2.0）
1B	染药1 h,马上观察,受试皮肤出现明显的腐蚀损伤（评分≥2.0）
1C	染药24 h,马上观察,受试皮肤出现明显的腐蚀损伤（评分≥2.0）;或染药24 h,马上观察,受试皮肤未出现明显的腐蚀损伤（评分<2.0）,且在皮肤染色实验中获得阳性的结果
非腐蚀性	染药24 h,马上观察,受试皮肤未出现明显的腐蚀损伤（评分<2.0）,且在皮肤染色实验中获得阴性的结果

受试物	CAS No.	参考结果	实验结果
受试物	CAS No.	GHS皮肤腐蚀性分类	染药时间	皮肤损伤观察结果	评分	染色实验结果	GHS皮肤腐蚀性分类
辛酸（正辛酸）	124-07-2	1B/1C	24 h	轻微的色斑（3/3）	1.0	阳性	1C
四氯乙烯	127-18-4	NC	24 h	无可见损伤（3/3）	0.0	阴性	NC
4-氨基-1, 2, 4-三氮唑	584-13-4	2/NC	24 h	清晰的色斑（3/3）	2.0	—	1C
溴乙基苯	103-63-9	NC	24 h	无可见损伤（3/3）	0.0	阴性	NC
N, N-二甲基亚二丙基三胺	10563-29-8	1A/1B	1 h	清晰的色斑（2/3）透明变性（1/3）	2.3	—	1B
丙三醇	56-81-5	NC	24 h	无可见损伤（3/3）	0.0	阴性	NC
邻叔丁基苯酚	88-18-6	1B/1C	24 h	褐色的斑点（3/3）	3.0	—	1C
1, 2-丙二胺	78-90-0	1A	1 h	清晰的色斑（2/3）透明变性（1/3）	2.3	—	1B
硬脂酸	57-11-4	NC	24 h	无可见损伤（2/3）轻微的色斑（1/3）	0.3	阴性	NC
10%硫酸	7664-93-9	1B/1C	1 h	清晰的色斑（1/3）透明变性（2/3）	2.7	—	1B
10%氢氧化钾水溶液	1310-58-3	1A	5 min	背面损伤（3/3）	4.0	—	1A
去离子水（阴性对照）	7732-18-5	NC	24 h	无可见损伤（3/3）	0.0	阴性	NC
5%氢氧化钠水溶液	1310-73-2	1A	5 min	清晰的色斑（2/3）透明变性（1/3）	2.3	—	1A
25%盐酸（阳性对照）	7647-01-0	1B	1 h	背面损伤（3/3）	4.0	—	1B
0.9%氯化钠水溶液	7647-14-5	NC	24 h	无可见损伤（3/3）	0.0	阴性	NC
40%乙烯利水溶液	16672-87-0	1C	24 h	透明变性（2/3）背面损伤（1/3）	3.3	—	1C

受试物	主要成分	pH	GHS皮肤腐蚀性分类
受试物	主要成分	pH	评分结合染色方法	TG430
4.8%对氯间二甲苯酚消毒液	水、对氯间二甲苯酚、表面活性剂	9.91	NC	NC
84消毒液（有效氯4.3%）	水、次氯酸钠、表面活性剂	12.45	1C	C
50%柠檬酸消毒液	柠檬酸、水、其他有机酸	1.02	1C	C
4.5%过氧乙酸消毒液	水、乙酸、过氧化氢、过氧乙酸	<1.00	1B	C
物品表面消毒液	水、乙醇、异丙醇	8.35	NC	NC
洗衣机槽清洁剂	过碳酸钠、表面活性剂、缓蚀剂	10.36（10%水溶液）	1C	C
洗衣粉	表面活性剂、生物酶制剂、水软化剂、香精	10.95（10%水溶液）	NC	NC
洗洁精	水、表面活性剂、氯化钠、EDTA二钠、甲基异噻唑啉酮、香精	7.82	NC	NC

Rapid classification of skin corrosion of detergents and disinfectants: a combined method of dye penetration and damage grading

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