天然气井排水采气用泡排剂研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2806.2025.04.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Foams are often employed as an efficient and cleaner method to remove the liquid accumulated at the bottom of gas wells and consequently promote the production of natural gas. In recent years, various foam drainage agents have been developed for gas well deliquification. In this review, the foaming and stabilizing mechanisms of foam drainage agents were introduced. Additionally, the characteristics and applicabilities of surfactants used as foam drainage agents were summarized. Various foam drainage agents constructed using different methods were comprehensively reviewed, including the foam drainage agents based on compounded surfactants, surfactant-nanomaterials/polymer, supramolecular interactions and stimuli-responsivity. Much effort has been focused on the mechanism of enhancing foam properties. Finally, the challenges and future development trend of foam drainage agents were also prospected.

Key words: drainage gas recovery technology, foam drainage agent, foam performance, development trend

CLC Number:

TE357

Jiabao Fan, Weiwei Han, Yanqiang Liu, Qiang Liu, Hongmiao Lv, Sanbao Dong. Research progress of foam drainage agents for gas well deliquification[J].China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2025, 55(4): 495-507.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 56

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表面活性剂类型	优点	缺点
非离子型	发泡性能较好、受矿化度、pH影响小	耐温性有限
阴离子型	发泡性能优异	耐盐性差
阳离子型	发泡性适中、高温稳定性好	易受pH影响
两性离子型	发泡性能优异、耐温、耐盐性能好、环境友好	制备成本较高

泡排剂体系	关键性能	参考文献
甜菜碱Gemini/油酸酰胺基羟基磺酸基甜菜碱（T-2）-CTAB	25 ℃、30%凝析油、25×10⁴ mg/L矿化水、20%甲醇溶液中的携液率分别可达83%，92%，68%	[20]
CHSB-SDS	耐温80 ℃、耐油50%、耐盐12×10⁴ mg/L	[25]
CHSB-SDS-NH₄Cl-NaNO₂	耐温80 ℃、耐盐12×10⁴ mg/L，产气量从0增至2×10³ m³/d	[26]
CHSB-SDS-氟碳表面活性剂（PFBS）	耐温80 ℃、耐油50%、耐盐20×10⁴ mg/L，增产26.35×10⁴ m³	[28]
AOS-CHSB-Gemini季铵盐（CAGB）	耐温90 ℃、耐油50%、耐盐15×10⁴ mg/L	[29]
月桂/棕榈酰胺丙基甜菜碱-月桂/棕榈Gemini季铵盐-月桂酰肌氨酸钠	耐温90 ℃、耐油30%、耐盐26×10⁴ mg/L	[30]
烷基聚醚羧酸盐-烷基聚醚甜菜碱	温度140 ℃、煤油含量50%、盐度17.5×10⁴ mg/L，携液率高于50%	[31]

泡排剂体系	关键性能	现场试验效果	参考文献
阴离子-两性离子-氟碳表面活性剂-改性纳米SiO₂	耐温150 ℃、耐油30%、耐盐25×10⁴ mg/L、抗H₂S浓度0.04%		[34]
Gemini阴离子表面活性剂-改性纳米SiO₂	耐温150 ℃、耐油50%，耐盐25×10⁴ mg/L、抗H₂S质量浓度2 000 mg/L	平均产气从7 256 m³/d增加到11 329 m³/d	[17]
Gemini表面活性剂-纳米SiO₂	耐温160 ℃、耐油40%、耐盐25×10⁴ mg/L，抗H₂S质量浓度100 mg/L、耐CO₂100%	应用8685井次，产气量增加62.48%、油套压差降低18.9%	[35]
阴离子-两性离子-氟碳表面活性剂-改性纳米SiO₂	耐温150 ℃、耐油30%、耐盐25×10⁴ mg/L、抗H₂S质量浓度2 000 mg/m³	生产时率提高2.31%、产气量增加509 m³/d	[36]
磺酸盐表面活性剂AS-1-802-疏水改性纳米SiO₂	在90 ℃、20%柴油、10×10⁴ mg/L矿化度、20%甲醇条件下，携液率达到61%		[40]
SDS-CHSB-疏水纳米片g-C₃N₄	耐温90 ℃、耐油20%、耐盐10×10⁴ mg/L		[41]
CPB-聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）	在175 ℃、10×10⁴ mg/L矿化度，稳定性良好，起泡性及稳定性基本不受H₂S分压的影响，携液量为167 mL/15 min		[43]
可降解聚合物（PBAT）-CPB-有机蒙脱土（OMM）	耐温30 ℃、耐盐25×10⁴ mg/L，在96 h内可持续生成稳定的泡沫		[44]

超分子泡排剂体系	关键性能	参考文献
月桂酰胺丙基二甲胺-柠檬酸-AOS-LAPB	耐温90 ℃、耐油40%、耐盐5×10⁴ mg/L、耐甲醇50%	[50]
月桂酰胺丙基二甲胺-L-天冬氨酸-月桂酰肌氨酸钠（LSS）-LAPB	耐温90 ℃、耐油50%、耐盐10×10⁴ mg/L	[51]
LATC-LAPB-SLG-LA	耐温90 ℃、耐油50%、耐盐33×10⁴ mg/L、耐甲醇50%	[52]

泡排剂体系	关键性能	参考文献
温敏Gemini表面活性剂（GACB）	耐温120 ℃	[53]
热敏阴离子聚合物-DTAB	耐温80 ℃、耐盐5×10⁴ mg/L	[54]
pH响应表面活性剂	耐盐20×10⁴ mg/L，pH降低泡沫性能减弱，pH升高泡沫性能增强	[55]
CO₂响应表面活性剂二甲氨基十一烷基硫酸钠（11-DUSNa）-CHSB	耐温100 ℃、耐二价盐（Ca²⁺，Mg²⁺）3.2 mol/L，通入CO₂，起泡性得到抑制；通入N₂或加入NaOH，起泡性得到恢复	[56]

Research progress of foam drainage agents for gas well deliquification

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