有机反离子十六烷基三甲基铵的表面活性及应用性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1803.2022.02.002

Abstract

Abstract:

The surface activity, antistatic performance, salt resistance, acid and alkali resistance, metal corrosion, antimicrobial properties and biodegradability of cetrimonium formate （HTAF）, cetrimonium acetate （HTAA） and cetrimonium butyrate （HTAE） were investigated, and the antibacterial properties and detergency of binary mixed systems of HTAF mixed with sodium alkylpolyoxyethylene sulphate （AES）, sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether carboxylate （AEC-9Na） and alkyl glucoside （APG₁₂₁₄） were measured. The results are as follows: the critical micelle concentration （cmc） and the surface tension at cmc （γ_cmc） of HTAE are lower than that of HTAF and HTAA; the antistatic performance of HTAF and HTAA is basically at the same order of magnitude as traditional antistatic agent octadecyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate （SN）, while the antistatic performance of HTAE is poor; three cetrimonium salts with organic counterions have exhibited strong salt resistance （>200 g/L） against either monovalent Na⁺or divalent Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, and have good acid and alkali resistance; their corrosiveness to metals is significantly lower than that of cetrimonium chloride （HTAC） ; the primary biodegradability after 7 days for three surfactants is greater than 98%; HTAF shows good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） and Escherichia coli （E. coli）（>95%） even at a content of 20 mg/kg. The results of binary mixed systems show that, AES/HTAF mixed system has better detergency than that of standard laundry detergent, but has no antibacterial activity; AEC-9Na/HTAF mixed system has both excellent antibacterial performance and detergency; APG₁₂₁₄/HTAF mixed system has good antibacterial activity but poor detergency.

Key words: cetrimonium salts with organic counterions, antistatic property, metal corrosiveness, bacteriostasis, mixed system

CLC Number:

TQ423

Wang Yakui,Ju Hongbin,Geng Tao,Cao Yupeng,Yang Weiguang,Ding Hui,Jiang Yajie. Study on the surface activity and application properties of cetrimonium salts with organic counterions[J].China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics, 2022, 52(2): 116-123.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 28

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种类	cmc/（mol/L）	γ_cmc/（mN/m）	Γ_max/（10^-10mol/cm²）	A_min/nm²	△G⁰_mic/（kJ/mol）	△G⁰_ads/（kJ/mol）	Krafft/℃
HTAF	1.04×10^-3	40.8	2.0	0.81	-34.0	-49.1	<0
HTAA	1.57×10^-3	45.1	1.9	0.87	-32.9	-46.6	<0
HTAE	9.31×10^-4	37.8	2.3	0.70	-34.6	-49.0	<0

样品	质量浓度/（g/L）	R_S/Ω	lg（R_S/Ω)	△lg ρ_s
空白		4.63×10¹³	13.77	0
HTAF	0.35	3.21×10⁹	9.51	4.26
HTAA	0.35	4.76×10⁹	9.68	4.09
HTAE	0.35	6.59×10⁹	9.82	3.95
SN	0.35	9.31×10⁸	8.97	4.80

质量浓度/（g/L）	R_S/Ω	lg（R_S/Ω）	△lg ρ_s
空白	4.63×10¹³	13.77	0
0.1	4.57×10¹⁰	10.66	3.11
0.2	1.31×10¹⁰	10.12	3.65
0.35	3.21×10⁹	9.51	4.26
1.0	5.62×10⁸	8.75	5.02
2.0	2.51×10⁸	8.40	5.37

无机盐种类	无机盐质量浓度/（g/L）
无机盐种类	25	50	100	150	200
NaCl	清晰	清晰	清晰	清晰	清晰
CaCl₂	清晰	清晰	清晰	清晰	清晰
MgSO₄	清晰	清晰	清晰	清晰	清晰

样品	pH值
样品	0.5	1	2	12	13	14
HTAF	1级	1级	1级	1级	1级	1级
HTAA	1级	1级	1级	1级	1级	1级
HTAE	1~2级	1级	1级	1级	1级	1级

Study on the surface activity and application properties of cetrimonium salts with organic counterions

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样品	腐蚀性评级结果（80 ℃,2 h）
样品	45号钢	Z30 铸铁	LY12硬铝	1Cr18Ni9Ti 不锈钢	304 不锈钢
HTAF	0	1	1	0	0
HTAA	0	1	0	0	0
HTAE	0	1	1	0	0
HTAC	1	2	2	0	0

样品	稀释度	抑菌率/%
样品	稀释度	S. aureus	E. coli
HTAF（20 mg/kg）		96	94
HTAF（50 mg/kg）		100	99.99
HTAF（100 mg/kg）		100	100
AES（15%）	1∶100	—	—
AES/HTAF（1%）		*	*
AES/HTAF（2%）		*	*
AEC-9Na（15%）	1∶100	—	—
AEC-9Na /HTAF（1%）		100	100
AEC-9Na /HTAF（2%）		100	100
APG₁₂₁₄（15%）	1∶100	—	—
APG₁₂₁₄/HTAF（1%）		100	100
APG₁₂₁₄/HTAF（2%）		100	100

样品	去污效果对比值
样品	JB-01	JB-03
AES（15%）	0.98	1.07
AES/HTAF（1%）	1.05	1.17
AES/HTAF（2%）	1.07	1.12
AEC-9Na（15%）	1.03	1.15
AEC-9Na /HTAF（1%）	1.10	1.19
AEC-9Na /HTAF（2%）	1.14	1.20
APG₁₂₁₄（15%）	0.94	0.78
APG₁₂₁₄/HTAF（1%）	0.88	0.71
APG₁₂₁₄/HTAF（2%）	0.80	0.73
标准洗衣液	1	1

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样品	初级降解效率/% （7 d）
HTAF	99.9
HTAA	98.6
HTAE	99.5